The Influence of Overfeeding Different Macronutrients on Whole-body Insulin Sensitivity

Loughborough University20 enrolled

Overview

This study will investigate the effect of high-carbohydrate vs. high-fat overfeeding (130% of energy requirements) on whole body insulin sensitivity. Following habitual diet, participants will be randomly allocated to either a high-carbohydrate or a high-fat diet intervention for 14-days. On days 0, 7 and 14 participants will undergo anthropometric and metabolic testing (primarily an oral glucose tolerance test \[OGTT\]).

Study Type

INTERVENTIONAL

Allocation

RANDOMIZED

Purpose

BASIC_SCIENCE

Masking

NONE

Enrollment

Conditions

Insulin Resistance Type 2 Diabetes Glucose Metabolism Disorders Metabolic Disease

Interventions

High-fat dietOTHER

Participants will consume a high fat diet for 14 days with approximately 65% of energy from fat. The diet will also provide an energy excess, at 130% of energy requirements. Participants will be provided with all of their meals and snacks throughout the study.

High-carbohydrate dietOTHER

Participants will consume a high fat diet for 14 days with approximately 70% of energy from carbohydrate. The diet will also provide an energy excess, at 130% of energy requirements. Participants will be provided with all of their meals and snacks throughout the study.

Eligibility

Sex: ALLMin age: 18 YearsMax age: 40 YearsHealthy volunteers:

Medical Language ↔ Plain English

Inclusion Criteria: * 18-40 years * BMI = 18.5-29.9 kg/m2 * Male or female * Physically active (\> 3 x 30 min moderate exercise per week) * Non-smoker (including the use of vaporisers and e-cigarettes) * Healthy (determined by the School's standard health questionnaire) * No cardiometabolic or inflammatory illness Exclusion Criteria: * Outside of age-range * Outside BMI range * Inactive (\< 3 x 30 min moderate exercise per week) * Smoker * Taking medication * History of cardiometabolic or inflammatory illness * Vegetarian/ vegan (as the high-fat diet is based on animal fats) * Other dietary restrictions which prevent consumption of the experimental diet * Consumption of probiotics within last 3 months (these influence the gut microbiota) * Participation in another clinical trial * Those with known or suspected food intolerances, allergies or hypersensitivity * Women who are known to be pregnant or who are intending to become pregnant over the course of the study

Locations (1)

School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences

Loughborough, Leicestershire, United Kingdom

RECRUITING

Outcomes

Primary Outcomes

Whole-body insulin sensitivity index

Assessed by oral glucose tolerance test

Time frame: The change between pre-, during and post- dietary interventions: Assessed on days 0, 7 and 14