Background: For people who have Niemann-Pick disease, type C1 (NPC1), cholesterol and other fats have trouble moving out of liver and other tissue cells. This makes the cells sick. Researchers want to find out if a drug called VTS-270 can help. Objective: To test if VTS-270 is safe and effective in treating chronic liver disease associated with NPC1. Eligibility: People ages 3-60 with NPC1 Design: Participants may be screened by phone or under another protocol. Participants will have visits once a month for 12 months. If they have intrathecal injections, the study may last 15 months or more. The first visit will last about 5 days. Others will last 2-3 days. Participants will get VTS-270 injected into a vein at each visit. They can also choose to have intrathecal injections. These are like spinal taps. Some visits will also include: Physical exam Urine tests Blood tests. A small tube or needle will be inserted into the participants vein to collect blood. The small tube will also be used to give the VTS-270. Hearing tests: For one test, participants will have electrodes taped to their head. These will record brain waves. Breathing tests Ultrasound of abdomen: Sounds waves will take pictures of the participant s body. Chest x-ray: This is a picture of the lungs.
Niemann-Pick disease type C (NPC) is a lethal, autosomal recessive, lysosomal storage disorder characterized by neurodegeneration in early childhood and death in adolescence. NPC results from mutation of either the NPC1 (approximately 95% of cases) or NPC2 genes. Biochemically, NPC is characterized by the endolysosomal storage of unesterified cholesterol and lipids in both the central nervous system and peripheral tissues such as the liver. Individuals with NPC demonstrate progressive cerebellar ataxia and dementia. Acute cholestatic liver disease is frequently observed in the neonatal/infantile period but subsequently resolves. However, chronic, sub-clinical liver disease persists. Intrathecal 2-hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin (HPbetaCD, VTS-270) has proven effective in reducing signs and prolonging life in NPC1 animal models, and Phase 1/2a data support efficacy in NPC1 patients. Parenteral administration of VTS-270 has also been shown to be effective in treating liver disease in the NPC1 cat. In this Phase 1/2a, open-label, randomized, parallel dose, single-center study, we will examine whether VTS-270 can be used to treat chronic subacute liver disease in NPC1 patients. Our primary objective is to determine the safety and tolerability of intravenous VTS-270 in NPC1 disease. Secondary objectives will be to evaluate the efficacy of VTS-270 to reduce plasma cholestane-3beta,5alpha,6beta-triol, an NPC1-specific pharmacodynamic biomarker, and to normalize the degree of liver injury. Exploratory testing will include lipid and protein biomarkers. This study will evaluate three dose levels (500, 1000 and 1500 mg/kg) administered monthly for twelve months. Safety will be assessed by adverse event recording, clinical laboratory testing and physical examination. Clinical efficacy will be evaluated by assessment of liver chemistries, determination of liver size; and liver STIFFNESS. Biochemical efficacy will be assessed by measurement of plasma cholestane-3beta,5alpha,6beta-triol and other biomarkers.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
NONE
Enrollment
2
Intravenous VTS-270 was administered on a monthly dosing schedule for 12 months. Each participant received one of two doses (500 or 1000mg/kg). Participants also received monthly 900 mg intrathecal VTS-270 therapy.
National Institutes of Health Clinical Center
Bethesda, Maryland, United States
Participants With Adverse Events by Grade
Adverse events (AEs) were used to determine safety and assess safety of intravenous VTS-270 in subjects with Niemann-Pick Disease, type C1. Assessment of safety was made by evaluation of summary statistics of adverse events and unanticipated problems. AEs were assessed using CTCAE version 5.0 grades 1-5. Grade 1 Mild; asymptomatic or mild symptoms; clinical or diagnostic observations only; intervention not indicated. Grade 2 Moderate; minimal, local or noninvasive intervention indicated; limiting age-appropriate instrumental ADL\*. Grade 3 Severe or medically significant but not immediately life-threatening; hospitalization or prolongation of hospitalization indicated; disabling; limiting self-care ADL\*\*. Grade 4 Life-threatening consequences; urgent intervention indicated. Grade 5 Death related to AE
Time frame: 18 months
Participants With Reduction in Plasma Cholestane-3β
Efficacy of IV VTS-270 in treating chronic liver disease associated with Niemann-Pick Disease, type C1 as measured by reduction in plasma cholestane-3β, an NPC1-specific pharmacodynamic biomarker
Time frame: Assessed at baseline and at 52 weeks
Participants With Reduction in Plasma Bile Acid B (5α)
Efficacy of IV VTS-270 in treating chronic liver disease associated with Niemann-Pick Disease, type C1 as measured by reduction in bile acid B (5α), an NPC1-specific pharmacodynamic biomarker
Time frame: Assessed at baseline and at 52 weeks
Participants With Reduction in C-Triol (6β-triol)
Efficacy of IV VTS-270 in treating chronic liver disease associated with Niemann-Pick Disease, type C1 as measured by reduction in C-Triol (6β-triol), an NPC1-specific pharmacodynamic biomarker
Time frame: Assessed at baseline and at 52 weeks
Participants With Reduction in Liver Stiffness (kPa)
Efficacy of IV VTS-270 in treating chronic liver disease associated with Niemann-Pick Disease, type C1 as measured by reduction in liver stiffness (kPa)
Time frame: Assessed at baseline and at 52 weeks
Participants With Reduction in Alanine Aminotransferase Level
Efficacy of IV VTS-270 in treating chronic liver disease associated with Niemann-Pick Disease, type C1 as measured by reduction of serum alanine aminotransferase level (ALT)
Time frame: Assessed at baseline and at 52 weeks
Participants With Reduction in Aspartate Aminotransferase
Efficacy of IV VTS-270 in treating chronic liver disease associated with Niemann-Pick Disease, type C1 as measured by reduction of serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) level
Time frame: Assessed at baseline and at 52 weeks
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