Despite the evidence and the potential of physical activity related to cognition and academic performance in children, the effects of a before-school physical activity program on these parameters remains unknown.
Despite public health concerns and the extensively documented health benefits of physical activity, a large proportion of Chilean children do not meet the physical activity recommendations (Aguilar-Farias et al., 2018). Since most children spend a majority of their waking hours at school, this environment is appropriate for the implementation of preventive interventions, particularly those that include activities promoting physical activity (Naylor \& McKay, 2009). With the absence of opportunities for physical activity during the school day, before-school programs have become a popular option to help children increasing their physical activity levels (Stylianou, van der Mars, et al., 2016). Although several recent studies support a positive effect of before school-based physical activity on health (Westcott, Puhala, Colligan, Loud, \& Cobbett, 2015), less literature has evaluate the cognitive outcomes (Stylianou, Kulinna, et al., 2016) such as attention capacity.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
PREVENTION
Masking
DOUBLE
Enrollment
150
Supervised exercise training. The intervention is a physical activity intervention that consist of 5 times per week before starting the first school-class (8:00-8:30 a.m.), 5 times per week. Each session was previously planned and described in a manual dedicated to the study. These sessions were designed by the research team and delivered by a graduate in Sport The intervention program included sports games adapted to the age of the participants, playground games, dance and other recreational activities. The intensity of the main part of the sessions was moderate-to-vigorous according to a previous study and this intensity was confirmed by accelerometry. Also, different activities favoring social interactions were designed to facilitate the interactions between the participants at the end of the sessions (cold-down).
No-exercise
Universidad de Santiago de Chile
Santiago, Chile
Selective attention
The D2- Test were used as indicators of selective attention
Time frame: Change from Baseline and 8-weeks immediately after the interventions ends
Academic performance
Was recorded by 2018-2019 year final exam scores
Time frame: Change from Baseline and 8-weeks immediately after the interventions ends
Executive function
The D2- Test were used as indicators of cognitive flexibility
Time frame: Change from Baseline and 8-weeks immediately after the interventions ends
Body fat percentage
Was recorded by bioelectrical impedance analysis
Time frame: Change from Baseline and 8-weeks immediately after the interventions ends
Body mass index
Weight and height were used to calculate BMI (weight in kilograms divided by the square of height in meters).
Time frame: Change from Baseline and 8-weeks immediately after the interventions ends
Waist circumference
Waist circumference was measured in the horizontal plane at the superior border of the right iliac crest.
Time frame: Change from Baseline and 8-weeks immediately after the interventions ends
Fat free mass
Was recorded by bioelectrical impedance analysis
Time frame: Change from Baseline and 8-weeks immediately after the interventions ends
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Muscular strength
The handgrip test, each child performed the test twice with each hand, and the maximum value of each hand was taken and averaged
Time frame: Change from Baseline and 8-weeks immediately after the interventions ends
Standing long jump test
The longest attempt from 3 was recorded (centimeters) and multiplied by the body weight to obtain an absolute measurement
Time frame: Change from Baseline and 8-weeks immediately after the interventions ends
4x10-m shuttle-run test
The speed-agility was assessed twice using the 4 x 10-m shuttle-run test and the fastest completion time (seconds) was recorded
Time frame: Change from Baseline and 8-weeks immediately after the interventions ends
Cardiorespiratory fitness
Cardiorespiratory fitness was assessed through the 20-m shuttle-run test and the total number of completed laps was registered
Time frame: Change from Baseline and 8-weeks immediately after the interventions ends
Blood pressure
Blood pressure was recorded by a automatic sphygmomanometer with the arm supported at heart level after sitting quietly for 10 min
Time frame: Change from Baseline and 8-weeks immediately after the interventions ends
Mediterranean diet
This information was self-reported by the children withguided assistance by a trained psychologis with Mediterranean diet (Kidmed) tool
Time frame: Change from Baseline and 8-weeks immediately after the interventions ends