Study of 10-valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine (Pneumosil) Administered in a 2+1 Schedule to Healthy Infants

PATH660 enrolled

Overview

The primary objectives of this study are to evaluate the immunogenicity (antibody response) and safety and tolerability of a 2-dose primary series and booster dose (2+1 schedule) of Pneumosil co-administered with routine pediatric vaccines in healthy infants in The Gambia.

This study will provide data necessary to evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of Pneumosil when administered in an alternative schedule to the 3 dose primary schedule (3+0) evaluated in the Phase 3 pivotal trial (VAC-056; NCT03197376) - namely in a 2 dose primary and booster (2+1) schedule - and compare immunogenicity to that of both currently licensed second-generation pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (Synflorix and Prevenar 13) administered in the same 2+1 schedule. In this prospective, single center, randomized, active-controlled, observer-blind, Phase 3 descriptive study, 660 healthy Gambian pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV)-naïve infants will be randomized 1:1:1 to receive 3 doses of either Pneumosil, Synflorix or Prevenar 13 at 6 weeks, 14 weeks and 9-10 months of age. Standard Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI) vaccinations in The Gambia will be given concomitantly with all 3 doses of study vaccine. The booster vaccination window was extended up to 18 months of age due to a pause in the study due to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. The study schedule for participants is as follows: * Age 6 weeks: First primary vaccination dose administered * Age 14 weeks: Second primary vaccination dose administered (8 weeks after first primary dose) * Age 18 weeks: Blood sample for immunogenicity testing (4 weeks after second primary dose) * Age 9-18 months: Blood sample for immunogenicity testing and booster vaccination dose administered * Age 10-19 months: Blood sample for immunogenicity testing (4 weeks after booster dose)

Study Type

INTERVENTIONAL

Allocation

RANDOMIZED

Purpose

PREVENTION

Masking

QUADRUPLE

Enrollment

660

Conditions

Pneumonia, Pneumococcal

Interventions

PneumosilBIOLOGICAL

One single dose contains 2 μg of polysaccharide for serotypes 1, 5, 6A, 7F, 9V, 14, 19A, 19F and 23F, and 4 μg for serotype 6B formulated with aluminium phosphate as an adjuvant in an appropriate buffer

Prevenar 13BIOLOGICAL

One single dose contains 2.2 µg of the following pneumococcal polysaccharides serotypes - 1, 3, 4, 5, 6A, 7F, 9V, 14, 18C, 19A, 19F, 23F - and 4.4 µg of pneumococcal polysaccharide serotype 6B, all conjugated to CRM197 and absorbed onto aluminum phosphate

SynflorixBIOLOGICAL

One single dose contains 1 μg of polysaccharide for serotypes 1, 5, 6B, 7F, 9V, 14, and 23F, and 3μg of serotypes 4, 18C, and 19F formulated with aluminum phosphate as an adjuvant.

Eligibility

Sex: ALLMin age: 42 DaysMax age: 56 DaysHealthy volunteers:

Medical Language ↔ Plain English

Inclusion Criteria: * Healthy infants based on medical history and clinical assessment. * Between 6 and 8 weeks (ie 42 to 56 days) old, inclusive. * Subject's parent must provide voluntary written/thumb-printed informed consent and be willing to comply with study requirements and procedures. * Subjects must have been born full-term, have a weight-to-height Z score of ≥ -2 at the time of enrollment (WHO child growth standard), and be ≥ 3.5 kg at randomization. * Subject's parents must be available for the duration of trial participation Exclusion Criteria: * Use of any investigational medicinal product prior to randomization. * Previous vaccination against or infection with S. pneumoniae. * History of anaphylactic shock or an allergic reaction to any prior vaccination. * Any fever, illness (including malaria). * Receipt of another study vaccine within 30 days of study start. * Chronic administration of an immunosuppressant or administration of immunoglobulins * History of blood disorder, primary immunodeficiency, or a sibling who has such a diagnosis or who died suddenly without apparent cause. * History of meningitis, seizures or any neurological disorder. * Exposure to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) by history.

Locations (1)

Medical Research Council Unit, The Gambia at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (MRCG at LSHTM)

Banjul, The Gambia

Outcomes

Primary Outcomes

Geometric Mean Concentration (GMC) of Serotype-specific Immunoglobulin G (IgG) Antibodies Four Weeks Post-Booster

The IgG antibody concentration to each of the 10 serotypes contained in Pneumosil was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in serum samples collected 4 weeks after the booster dose (Visit 6). The pneumococcal serotype-specific IgG ELISAs were performed using the World Health Organisation (WHO) reference assay at the WHO Pneumococcal Serology Reference Laboratory, at the Institute of Child Health, University College London, United Kingdom (UK), where the assay was validated.

Time frame: 4 weeks post booster dose

Number of Participants With Solicited Local and Systemic Adverse Events (AEs) Through Day 6 Following Any Vaccination

Solicited local reactions included tenderness, erythema/redness and induration/swelling at the study vaccine injection site. Solicited systemic reactions included cutaneous rash, fever (based on axillary temperature), irritability, drowsiness, and decreased appetite. The severity of all solicited AEs was graded from mild (Grade 1) to potentially life threatening (Grade 4), based on protocol-defined criteria that were derived from Division of AIDS Table for Grading the Severity of Adult and Pediatric Adverse Events (Version 2.0, November 2014).

Time frame: Day 0 to Day 6 after each vaccination

Number of Participants With Unsolicited Treatment-emergent Adverse Events (TEAEs)

AEs include any intercurrent illness or injury during the study, clinically significant worsening of a preexisting condition, and any solicited AE that occurred or was ongoing 6 days after study vaccine administration. A TEAE is an event that was not present prior to administration of the study vaccine, or increased in intensity after administration of the study vaccine. Unsolicited AEs were graded using the scale below: Grade 1: Mild; asymptomatic or mild symptoms; intervention not indicated. Grade 2: Moderate; minimal, local, or noninvasive intervention indicated. Grade 3: Severe or medically significant but not immediately life-threatening; hospitalization or prolongation of hospitalization indicated; disabling. Grade 4: Life-threatening consequences; urgent intervention indicated. Grade 5: Death related to AE. Related AEs are AEs where the Investigator determined a reasonable causal relationship between the vaccine administered and the AE based on medical judgement.

Data from ClinicalTrials.gov

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Secondary Outcomes

Geometric Mean Titers (GMT) of Serotype-specific Opsonophagocytic Activity (OPA) Four Weeks Post-Booster

The functional activity of the antibody response to the 10 serotypes contained in Pneumosil was determined in serum samples collected 4 weeks after the booster dose in a subset of 50 participants per group. This activity was determined using the 4-fold multiplexed opsonophagocytic assay (MOPA) developed at the University of Alabama at Birmingham, and performed at the WHO Pneumococcal Serology Reference Laboratory, at the Institute of Child Health, University College London, UK, where the assay was validated. A higher titer indicates increased antibody-mediated opsonophagocytosis.

Time frame: 4 weeks post booster dose

Percentage of Participants With Serotype-specific Serum IgG Antibody Concentrations ≥ 0.35 μg/mL Four Weeks Post-Booster

The seroresponse rate was defined as the percentage of infants with serotype-specific IgG antibody concentrations of at least 0.35 μg/mL, which is the reference concentration for assessment of vaccine efficacy against invasive pneumococcal diseases (IPDs). The IgG concentration to each of the 10 serotypes contained in Pneumosil was measured by ELISA in serum samples collected 4 weeks after the booster dose.

Time frame: 4 weeks post booster dose

Percentage of Participants With Serotype-specific Serum IgG Antibody Concentrations ≥ 1.0 μg/mL Four Weeks Post-Booster

Seroresponse rate was also defined as the percentage of infants with serotype-specific IgG antibody concentrations of at least 1.0 μg/mL. The IgG concentration to each of the 10 serotypes contained in Pneumosil was measured by ELISA in serum samples collected 4 weeks after the booster dose.

Time frame: 4 weeks post booster dose

Percentage of Participants With Serotype-specific Serum OPA Titers ≥ 8 Four Weeks Post-Booster

The OPA seroresponse rate was defined as the percentage of infants with an OPA titer of at least 8. Opsonophagocytic activity was measured using the 4-fold multiplexed opsonophagocytic assay (MOPA) from serum samples taken 4 weeks after the booster vaccination.

Time frame: 4 weeks post booster dose

Percentage of Participants With Serotype-specific Serum IgG Antibody Concentrations ≥ 0.35 μg/mL Four Weeks After Completion of Primary Vaccinations

Time frame: 4 weeks after completion of primary vaccinations (at age 18 weeks)

Geometric Mean Concentration of Serotype-specific IgG Antibodies Four Weeks After Completion of Primary Vaccinations

The IgG antibody concentration to each of the 10 serotypes contained in Pneumosil was measured by ELISA in serum samples collected 4 weeks after the second primary vaccination dose.

Time frame: 4 weeks after completion of primary vaccinations (at age 18 weeks)

Percentage of Participants With Serotype-specific Serum OPA Titers ≥ 8 Four Weeks After Completion of Primary Vaccinations

The OPA seroresponse rate was defined as the percentage of infants with an OPA titer of at least 8. Opsonophagocytic activity was measured using the 4-fold multiplexed opsonophagocytic assay (MOPA).

Time frame: 4 weeks after completion of primary vaccinations (at age 18 weeks)

Geometric Mean Titers of Serotype-specific Serum OPA Four Weeks After Primary Vaccinations

Opsonophagocytic activity was measured using the 4-fold multiplexed opsonophagocytic assay (MOPA).

Time frame: 4 weeks after completion of primary vaccinations (at age 18 weeks)

Percentage of Participants With Serotype-specific Serum IgG Concentrations ≥ 0.35 μg/mL Prior to Booster

The seroresponse rate was defined as the percentage of infants with serotype-specific IgG concentrations of at least 0.35 μg/mL, which is the reference concentration for assessment of vaccine efficacy against invasive pneumococcal diseases (IPDs). The IgG concentration to each of the 10 serotypes contained in Pneumosil was measured by ELISA in serum samples collected immediately prior to the booster vaccination dose.

Time frame: Prior to the booster dose at approximately 9 to 16 months of age

Geometric Mean Concentration of Serotype-specific Serum IgG Antibodies Prior to Booster

The IgG antibody concentration to each of the 10 serotypes contained in Pneumosil was measured by ELISA in serum samples collected immediately prior to the booster vaccination dose.

Time frame: Prior to the booster dose at approximately 9 to 16 months of age

Percentage of Participants With Serotype-specific Serum OPA Titers ≥ 8 Prior to Booster

Time frame: Prior to the booster dose at approximately 9 to 16 months of age

Geometric Mean Titer of Serotype-specific Serum OPA Prior to Booster

Opsonophagocytic activity was measured using the 4-fold multiplexed opsonophagocytic assay (MOPA) from serum samples collected immediately prior to the booster vaccination dose.

Time frame: Prior to the booster dose at approximately 9 to 16 months of age

Ratio of Serotype-specific Serum IgG GMC 4 Weeks Post-Booster to Serotype-specific IgG GMC 4 Weeks After Completion of Primary Vaccinations

Booster response was measured by the ratio of IgG GMCs measured at the post-booster visit to those measured 4 weeks after completion of primary vaccinations.

Time frame: 4 weeks after completion of primary vaccinations (at age 18 weeks) and 4 weeks post booster

Ratio of Serotype-specific Serum OPA GMT 4 Weeks Post-Booster to Serotype-specific OPA GMT 4 Weeks After Completion of Primary Vaccinations

OPA booster response was measured by the ratio of OPA GMTs measured at the post-booster visit to those measured 4 weeks after completion of primary vaccinations.

Time frame: 4 weeks after completion of primary vaccinations (at age 18 weeks) and 4 weeks post booster