The study product is a Cold Ablation Robot-guided Laser Osteotome (CARLO®) robotic surgery device. It is a device that removes hard tissue such as bone by means laser ablation - it is therefore an alternative to Piezo-Electric osteotomes and/or oscillating saws or other mechanical instruments for bone cutting. In this study, the CARLO device is integrated with a computer-assisted pre-operative planning and intra-operative navigation, and will be used for Patients requiring an orthognathic procedure with a mid-face osteotomy, for whom a procedure plan is defined based on preoperative imaging.
The objective of this first-in-man study is to confirm the performance and safety of the CARLO® robotic surgery device (manufactured by Advanced Osteotomy Tools SA) for the execution of preoperatively planned midface osteotomies. The study is designed and powered to confirm, in clinical use across multiple sites, that the CARLO® device can be used to accurately perform straight-line mid-face osteotomies according to preoperative plans, and with results and a safety profile that are comparable to current state-of-the-art osteotomy methods. Multiple risk mitigations are in place to ensure safety, especially for the initially enrolled patients. A postoperative follow-up of up to 28 days will be included in this study, in order to assess initial soft tissue healing and recovery, and to enable the identification of any soft-tissue injuries that would not have been immediately apparent. After end of study of each individual patient, safety monitoring will go on for the duration of the study until the last visit of the last patient.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
NA
Purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
NONE
Enrollment
31
The mid-face osteotomy - typically according to LeFort I - is performed using a pulsed erbium-doped yttrium aluminium garnet (Er:YAG) laser driven by the CARLO robot arm.
Allgemeines Krankenhaus der Stadt Wien (AKH Wien)
Vienna, Austria
Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf
Hamburg, Germany
Kantonsspital Aarau AG
Aarau, Canton of Aargau, Switzerland
Universitätsspital Basel
Basel, Canton of Basel-City, Switzerland
Technical Success of Device Use
Successful use of the device through all required steps: initial set-up and self-test, selection of each osteotomy path, previsualization of the path, completion of the osteotomies, and system shut down.
Time frame: Upon completion of the procedure
RMS error during registration of in-situ patient with pre-operative model
Point-pair matching performed to match preoperative imaging with the in-situ patient could be completed with a Root Mean Square error that does not exceed 1.5 mm.
Time frame: Intra-operative observation
Position of the performed osteotomies is within 2 mm of the preoperatively planned location.
The postion of the performed osteotomies is measured intraoperatively, relative to (orthogonally located) landmarks selected on the preoperative 3D model. The oucome is successful if this distance does not exceed 2 mm.
Time frame: Intra-operative observation
Successful completion of the maxillary downfracture and procedure without unusual difficulties.
The maxillary mobilization (pterygo-maxillary disjunction, pull-down fracture) can be completed as usual. No difficulty is encountered that is unusual for the procedure.
Time frame: Intra-operative observation
Key variables of the osteotomy procedures (durations)
Variables assessed include: 1. Duration of overall osteotomy procedure (first skin incision to skin closure). 2. Duration of patient registration with the CARLO® device (from on-screen selection of first point to be matched to display of an accepted Root Mean Square Error value). 3. Duration of CARLO® device cutting for each osteotomy.
Time frame: Upon completion of the procedure
Absence of unusual complications that delay initial patient discharge.
Overall well-being of the patient allows a normal discharge from the hospital without unusual delay (within one week).
Time frame: 1 week post-procedure
Absence of unusual soft tissue healing difficulties (14 days status).
During the visit scheduled at 14 days, soft tissue healing allows the removal of stitches as normally possible.
Time frame: 2 weeks post-procedure
Absence of healing anomalies during final visit (28 days status)
During the visit scheduled at 28 days, absence of any anomaly or concern related to post-operative healing.
Time frame: 4 weeks post-procedure
Accuracy of the execution of the planned osteotomy based on postoperative imaging
Accuracy of the performed cut measured on postoperative CT (distance of the cut start and end relative to the incisor point and to the ipsilateral mesio-buccal cuspid, respectively). Target is to perform cut within 2 mm of the planned position.
Time frame: Assessed ~2 weeks postoperatively based on postoperative imaging (CBCT)
Accuracy of the final maxilla location, compared to plan, based on postoperative imaging
Accuracy of the maxilla relocation, comparing on CT imaging the position of five defined landmarks (e.g. incisor point, tips of the upper canines, tips of the mesio-buccal cuspid) between the plan and the final result.
Time frame: Assessed ~2 weeks postoperatively based on postoperative imaging (CBCT)
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