Different non-pharmacological techniques, including hypnosis and virtual reality are currently used as complementary tools in the treatment of pain related to burn injury. A new technique called 'virtual reality hypnosis' (VRH) (Patterson et al., 2004), which encompasses a combination of both tools, is regularly used although its actual function remains unknown to this date. With the goal to improve our understanding of VRH combination effects, it is necessary to elaborate randomized and controlled research studies in order to understand their actual function in individual's perception. 100 patients who are treated as outpatients for burn care will be randomly assigned to virtual reality or VRH. Patients will receive one session of one of these techniques during burn dressing change.Physiological parameters will be recorded during dressing change. Participants will fill in a questionnaire evaluating their tendency to be absorbed and dissociated, and another evaluating their level of perceived immersion. Their level of anxiety, pain, fatigue and relaxation will be evaluated before and after the session. A short interview will also be conducted to give participants the opportunity to openly describe their experience.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
NONE
Change in pain perception: Visual Analogical Scale (VAS)
Visual Analogical Scale (VAS) from 0 to 10. This is a subjective linear scale. No pain = 0, maximum pain = 10.
Time frame: 5 minutes before dressing change ("time 0") and 5 minutes after dressing change ("time 1")
Change in anxiety: Visual Analogical Scale (VAS)
Visual Analogical Scale (VAS) from 0 to 10. This is a subjective linear scale. No anxiety = 0, maximum anxiety = 10.
Time frame: 5 minutes before dressing change ("time 0") and 5 minutes after dressing change ("time 1")
Change in fatigue
Visual Analogical Scale (VAS) from 0 to 10. This is a subjective linear scale. No fatigue = 0, maximum fatigue = 10.
Time frame: 5 minutes before dressing change ("time 0") and 5 minutes after dressing change ("time 1")
Change in relaxation level
Visual Analogical Scale (VAS) from 0 to 10. This is a subjective linear scale. No relaxation = 0, maximum relaxation = 10.
Time frame: 5 minutes before dressing change ("time 0") and 5 minutes after dressing change ("time 1")
Level of absorption at the moment
Absorption will be measured as the two components of hypnosis. We will measure absorption and dissociation using the Visual Analogical Scales (VAS). VAS is from 0 to 10. 0 is not absorbed and 10 is really absorbed. When responding to a VAS item, participants will be asked to specify their level of agreement to a statement by indicating a position along a continuous line between two end-points.
Time frame: 5 minutes after dressing change ("time 1")
Level of dissociation at the moment
Dissociation will be measured as the two components of hypnosis. We will measure absorption and dissociation using the Visual Analogical Scales (VAS). When responding to a VAS item, participants will be asked to specify their level of agreement to a statement by indicating a position along a continuous line between two end-points.
Time frame: 5 minutes after dressing change ("time 1")
Time perception
We will ask to the patient his perception of time during the session.
Time frame: 5 minutes after dressing change ("time 1")
Change in heart rate
Physiological parameter measured using pulse oximeter
Time frame: 5 minutes before dressing change ("time 0") and 5 minutes after dressing change ("time 1")
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