This study will measure the oral bioavailability and pharmacokinetics of known bioactive compounds from a standardized Centella asiatica water extract product (CAP) in mildly demented elders on cholinesterase inhibitor therapy. Compound levels will be measured in human plasma and urine over 10 hours after acute oral administration of two doses of the botanical extract product. The dose giving maximum plasma levels (Cmax)closest to those observed in the investigator's mouse studies, the area under the curve (AUC0-12), as well as the rate of clearance (t ½) of the known compounds and time of maximum concentration (tmax), will be identified. These data will be used to inform decisions on the dosage and dosing frequency for future clinical trials.
PRIMARY OBJECTIVES: 1. To assess the bioavailability and rate of clearance of Centella asiatica derived compounds in mildly demented elders on cholinesterase inhibitor therapy through a pharmacokinetic study. 2. To determine the acute tolerability of a Centella asiatica product in mildly demented elders on cholinesterase inhibitor therapy. OUTLINE: Participants will orally consume a single administration of a standardized Centella asiatica water extract product (CAP). Two doses (2g and 4g CAW) will be administered on separate occasions, at least two weeks apart. The levels of known bioactive compounds present in Centella asiatica will be measured in human plasma and urine over 10 hours after administration of each of the doses.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
SCREENING
Masking
DOUBLE
Enrollment
5
2g of Centella asiatica water extract (CAW) in a standardized product containing excipients to improve palatability, color matching and dispersability. The product (CAP) is a powder which will be dissolved in 10-12 ounce of water and consumed by mouth once on an empty stomach.
4g of Centella asiatica water extract (CAW) in a standardized product containing excipients to improve palatability, color matching and dispersability. The product (CAP) is a powder which will be dissolved in 10-12 ounce of water and consumed by mouth once on an empty stomach.
Oregon Health and Science University Department of Neurology
Portland, Oregon, United States
Peak Plasma Concentration of Centella Asiatica Bioactive Compounds (Cmax)
Following oral administration of a product made from a water extract of Centella asiatica (CAP), the plasma concentration of Centella asiatica derived bioactive compounds (triterpenes, caffeoylquinic acids, and their metabolites) will be measured in blood samples obtained over a 10 hour period, using high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry in order to generate a pharmacokinetic curve, and determine pharmacokinetic parameters (maximum concentration) for each of the two doses (2g and 4g).
Time frame: A 10-hour post-administration period (15, 30, 45, 60, 90, 120, 150, 180, 240, 360, 480, and 600 minutes).
Time of Maximum Concentration (Tmax)
The time of maximum concentration (Tmax) of the known bioactive compounds and their metabolites will be calculated from the concentrations measured by high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry in order to help determine dosage intervals
Time frame: A 10-hour post-administration period (15, 30, 45, 60, 90, 120, 150, 180, 240, 360, 480 and 600 minutes).
Half-life (t1/2)
The half-life (t1/2) of the known bioactive compounds and their metabolites will be calculated from the plasma concentrations measured by high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry to help determine dosage intervals.
Time frame: A 10-hour post-administration period (15, 30, 45, 60, 90, 120, 150,180, 240, 360, 480, and 600 minutes).
Area Under the Curve (AUC) of the Concentration vs Time Profiles of Known Bioactives From Centella Asiatica
Following oral administration of a product made from a water extract of Centella asiatica (CAP), the plasma concentration of Centella asiatica derived bioactive compounds (triterpenes, caffeoylquinic acids, and their metabolites) will be measured in blood samples obtained over a 10 hour period, using high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry in order to generate a pharmacokinetic curve, and determine pharmacokinetic parameters (area under the curve) for each of the two doses (2g and 4g).
Time frame: A 10-hour post-administration period (15, 30, 45, 60, 90, 120, 150,180, 240, 360, 480 and 600 minutes).
Total Urinary Excretion
All urine produced over the 10 hours post-administration was collected into a single container. The concentration of bioactive compounds from Centella asiatica (triterpenes, caffeoylquinic acids, and their metabolites) was measured in the single total urine sample collected over 10 hours after CAP administration. Urine samples were treated with glucuronidase and sulfatase enzymes to release analyte from conjugated (Phase II metabolite) forms of the analyte. All samples were analyzed using high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. The concentrations obtained were multiplied by total urine volume to obtain the total amount of that analyte excreted. The total amount (free and conjugated forms) in micrograms of of each analyte in the 10h urine sample is reported.
Time frame: Total 10 hours
NRF2 Expression
NRF2 gene expression was measured in peripheral blood mononuclear cells following consumption of 2g and 4g of Centella asiatica water extract product (CAP).
Time frame: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 6h following study intervention
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