Incidence OIRD Medical and Trauma Patients

Inclusion Criteria: 1. Spontaneously breathing adults 18 to 89 years of age 2. Receiving PCA or nurse administered IV opioids for medical or trauma-related pain 3. Admitted to the general care floor from the emergency department 4. Able to provide written informed consent Exclusion Criteria: 1. Age is less than 18 years or greater than 89 years 2. Transfer to the general care floor from the ICU 3. Provider order for respiratory monitoring using continuous capnography 4. Receiving intrathecal or epidural opioids 5. Trauma patient with a nerve block 6. Inability or unwillingness to wear the EtCO2 sampling line nasal cannula or pulse oximetry sensor 7. History or diagnosis of a sleep disordered breathing syndrome 8. Use of CPAP or BIPAP non-invasive ventilation as home regime 9. Pre-existing co-morbidity that impacts respiration or ventilation (e.g. COPD or pulmonary fibrosis) (for the purpose of this study a trauma patient with rib fractures is not considered having a pre-existing condition) 10. Receiving non-invasive ventilation 11. Unable or unwilling to participate 12. Member of a vulnerable population such as pregnant women or prisoners