This study will examine the mediator/moderator variables that affect efficacy of a parent stress intervention with nutrition education (PMH+N: parenting mindfully for health) vs. Control intervention with nutrition education (CTL+N) on parent stress, parenting, health behaviors and child obesity risk. A non-randomized historical control group will also be assessed during the intervention and follow-up periods throughout to obtain outcome assessment without any interventions being provided.
This is a 5-year interdisciplinary project to assess a 12-week Parenting Mindfully for Health (PMH) + nutrition counseling (N) versus contact control intervention (C) + nutrition counseling (N), to examine short-term and long term enduring effects of PMH+N to promote healthy eating and physical activity in parent and child, and prevent childhood obesity risk in 2-5 year olds, via changes in parent stress and parenting. A non-randomized historical control group will also be assessed during the intervention and follow-up periods throughout to obtain outcome assessment without any interventions being provided.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
PREVENTION
Masking
DOUBLE
Enrollment
246
PMH will include included the following components: 1. mindfulness strategies as outlined in the MBSR manual, 2. mindful parenting concepts, 3. mindful eating and awareness of family choices; 4. self and child monitoring of food intake, PA and emotional reactivity; 5. utilizing mindfulness for emotion regulation and distress tolerance, 6. behavioral strategies of goal setting and implementing increasing frequency of healthy food intake and physical activity (PA)
Contact Control Group where parents engage in a quiet, relaxing, but stimulating activity and also nutrition counseling.
The Yale Stress Center: Yale University
New Haven, Connecticut, United States
Parent Stress change from Pre to Post intervention
Parent stress measured by the Perceived Stress Scale scores ranging from 0-56 with higher scores indicating more stress.
Time frame: Baseline Pre-intervention to Post intervention at 12 weeks
Child BMI change post intervention and at short term 6 month follow-up
Child height will be measured with a measuring tape. For children, weight and height will be plotted on the CDC growth chart for the child's age to determine the BMI-for-age percentile scores.
Time frame: Change from Pre-intervention to post-intervention (week 12) and at 6 month short term follow up
Child food intake change
Parent report of child food frequency questionnaire assessment of frequency of healthy and unhealthy food intake.
Time frame: Baseline Pre-intervention and at post-intervention (week 12)
Parenting Behavior Change
Observed parenting behavior ratings for increase in positive parenting behaviors in the Toy Wait Task (TWT)
Time frame: TWT parenting behavior ratings at Baseline Pre-intervention and at post-intervention (week 12)
Parent Stress change from Post intervention to follow up period over 24-months
Parent stress measured by the Perceived Stress Scale scores ranging from 0-56 with higher scores indicating more stress.
Time frame: Post intervention at 12 weeks to follow-up timepoints at 6-, 12-, 18- and 24- month timepoints
Child BMI change at long term term follow-up
Child height will be measured with a measuring tape. For children, weight and height will be plotted on the CDC growth chart for the child's age to determine the BMI-for-age percentile scores.
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Non-randomized, historical control group with only assessments during intervention and follow-up period.
Time frame: Baseline compared to 12-month, 18-month and 24-month timepoint
Child food intake change
Parent report of child food frequency questionnaire assessment of frequency of healthy and unhealthy food intake.
Time frame: Baseline Pre-intervention and at post-intervention (week 12)
Parenting Stress Inventory (PSI)
Parent reported PSI scores ranging from 18-90 with higher scores indicating higher parenting stress.
Time frame: PSI scores at Baseline Pre-intervention and at post-intervention (week 12) and at follow-ups months 6-, 12-, 18- and 24 month timepoints