The purpose of this research study is to examine the effect of high-fat meals on the health of blood vessels. In addition, the study will examine how exercise/fitness/physical activity impacts blood vessels after consumption of a high-fat meal.
This is the first in a series of studies examining the impact of high-fat meals on blood vessels. During the preliminary visit of this study, eligible participants' resting metabolic rate, arm flow mediated dilation, and leg flow mediate dilation will be measured. They will complete handgrip and plantar flexion exercise tasks. Finally, they will be given a physical activity monitor to wear for 7 days. At their first visit, participants will eat a high-fat meal and blood will be drawn to measure blood vessel health. They will also repeat the arm flow mediated dilation, leg flow mediate dilation, handgrip, and plantar flexion exercise tests.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
NON_RANDOMIZED
Purpose
BASIC_SCIENCE
Masking
NONE
Enrollment
59
Participants will be given a serving of Marie Callendar's Chocolate Satin Pie to eat over a period of 20 minutes
Virginia Commonwealth University
Richmond, Virginia, United States
Fasting triglycerides
Ester derived from glycerol and three fatty acids, representative of the main constituent of body fat in humans.
Time frame: Baseline
Post HFM Triglycerides
Ester derived from glycerol and three fatty acids, representative of the main constituent of body fat in humans.
Time frame: 4 hours
Fasting total cholesterol
Type of lipid that is required for cell structure, but can contribute to increased risk of heart disease if high due to development of fatty deposits on vascular wall.
Time frame: Baseline
Post HFM total cholesterol
Type of lipid that is required for cell structure, but can contribute to increased risk of heart disease if high due to development of fatty deposits on vascular wall.
Time frame: 4 hours
Fasting LDL
Low density lipoprotein that transports fat molecules in the body. Associated with high levels of cholesterol.
Time frame: Baseline
Post HFM LDL
Low density lipoprotein that transports fat molecules in the body. Associated with high levels of cholesterol.
Time frame: 4 hours
Fasting HDL
High density lipoprotein that transports fat molecules in the body. Associated with carrying cholesterol to the liver for degradation.
Time frame: Baseline
Post HFM HDL
High density lipoprotein that transports fat molecules in the body. Associated with carrying cholesterol to the liver for degradation.
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Time frame: 4 hours
Fasting non-HDL
Total cholesterol minus HDL, often associated with a better assessment of risk for heart disease.
Time frame: Baseline
Post HFM non-HDL
Total cholesterol minus HDL, often associated with a better assessment of risk for heart disease.
Time frame: 4 hours
Fasting LDL/HDL ratio
Assessment of risk for heart disease.
Time frame: Baseline
Post HFM LDL/HDL ratio
Assessment of risk for heart disease.
Time frame: 4 hours
Fasting anti-inflammatory surface receptor expression
CD14, CD206 - monocyte receptors associated with defining subsets and inflammatory differentiation of macrophages.
Time frame: Baseline
Post HFM anti-inflammatory surface receptor expression
CD14, CD206 - monocyte receptors associated with defining subsets and inflammatory differentiation of macrophages.
Time frame: 4 hours
Fasting pro-inflammatory surface receptor expression
CD16, CD86 - monocyte receptors associated with defining subsets and inflammatory differentiation of macrophages.
Time frame: Baseline
Post HFM pro-inflammatory surface receptor expression
CD16, CD86 - monocyte receptors associated with defining subsets and inflammatory differentiation of macrophages.
Time frame: 4 hours
Fasting brachial artery flow-mediated dilation
Dilation of brachial artery when blood flow increases in artery. Measured by non-invasive ultrasound.
Time frame: Baseline
Post HFM brachial artery flow-mediated dilation
Dilation of brachial artery when blood flow increases in artery. Measured by non-invasive ultrasound.
Time frame: 5.5 hours
Fasting superficial artery flow-mediated dilation
Dilation of superficial artery when blood flow increases in artery. Measured by non-invasive ultrasound.
Time frame: Baseline
Post HFM superficial artery flow-mediated dilation
Dilation of superficial artery when blood flow increases in artery. Measured by non-invasive ultrasound.
Time frame: 5.5 hours