In this study, the investigators test whether a 4-week 12-session attention bias modification treatment (ABMT) could reduce depressive symptoms relative to placebo controls in young adults with major depressive disorder at post-training and 3-month follow-ups. Meanwhile, the investigators also test whether a 2-week 4-session ABMT booster training for every three months could reduce residual depressive symptoms and recurrences relative to placebo controls for 1-year follow-up
Attention Bias Modification Training was a modified dot-probe task, in which 90% of the targets appeared at the neutral word position and 10% at the sad word position. The placebo training procedure is a classic dot-probe task in which the targets appeared with equal probability in the sad (50%) and neutral (50%) word positions. The investigators assess attention bias scores, depressive symptoms, trait anxiety, rumination and self-report attention control ability at 1-week, 2-week, 4-week,7-week,3-month,4-month, 5-month, 6-month and 12-month follow-ups after training.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
TRIPLE
Enrollment
30
The ABM training task was a variation of the computerized visual dot-probe task. During the training, each session includes 54 neutral-sad word pairs presenting 6 times (6 × 54=324 trials) during 20-minute. Participants received 12 sessions over 4 weeks (1 session every other day). In the active ABMT, 90% of the probes appeared at the neutral position and 10% at the sad position. At the placebo ABMT, 50% of the probes appeared at the neutral position and 50% at the sad position.
Department of Psychology, Hunan Normal University
Changsha, Hunan, China
Changes of attention bias score
Attention bias score changes tested by a typical dot-probe task
Time frame: pre-training, post-training(4 weeks after pre-training), follow-ups(1-week,2-week,4-week,7-week,3-month(booster pre-training),4-month(booster post-training),5-month,6-month,12-month after post-training )
Changes of depressive symptoms
Depression symptoms tested by clinicians using Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children (K-SADS)
Time frame: pre-training, post-training(4 weeks after pre-training), follow-ups(1-week,2-week,4-week,7-week,3-month(booster pre-training),4-month(booster post-training),5-month,6-month,12-month after post-training )
Changes of severity of depression
The severity of depression tested by clinicians using the 17-Item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D)
Time frame: pre-training, post-training(4 weeks after pre-training), follow-ups(1-week,2-week,4-week,7-week,3-month(booster pre-training),4-month(booster post-training),5-month,6-month,12-month after post-training )
Changes of self-reported depressive symptoms
Self-reported depressive symptoms assessed by Beck depression scale-second version (BDI-II), and trait anxiety assessed by State Trait Anxiety Inventory-Trait(STAI-T), rumination assessed by Rumination Response Scale(RRS).
Time frame: pre-training, post-training(4 weeks after pre-training), follow-ups(1-week,2-week,4-week,7-week,3-month(booster pre-training),4-month(booster post-training),5-month,6-month,12-month after post-training )
Changes of self-reported trait anxiety
self-reported trait anxiety assessed by State Trait Anxiety Inventory-Trait(STAI-T)
Time frame: pre-training, post-training(4 weeks after pre-training), follow-ups(1-week,2-week,4-week,7-week,3-month(booster pre-training),4-month(booster post-training),5-month,6-month,12-month after post-training )
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Changes of self-reported rumination
Self-reported rumination assessed by Rumination Response Scale(RRS).
Time frame: pre-training, post-training(4 weeks after pre-training), follow-ups(1-week,2-week,4-week,7-week,3-month(booster pre-training),4-month(booster post-training),5-month,6-month,12-month after post-training )