Resistance Training and Appetite Regulation

University of Colorado, Denver23 enrolled

Overview

This study plans to learn more about how resistance training impacts appetite and the brain's response to food. The study will be evaluating how the brain responds to food images as well as how behaviors and hormones change with a 12 week resistance training intervention.

Aim 1: To determine if RT impacts neuronal function associated with food intake behavior in a manner favoring reduced EI in overweight/obese adults. Hypothesis: Compared to pre, post-RT fMRI measures will demonstrate ↓ neuronal responses to food cues in the insula, prefrontal cortex, and hypothalamus, brain regions implicated in reward, impulsivity, motivation, and regulation of ingestive behaviors. These changes will be associated with ad libitum EI. Aim 2: To determine if RT impacts appetite-related peptides, ratings, and food intake behaviors in a manner favoring reduced EI in overweight/obese adults. Hypothesis: Compared to pre, post-RT measures will show changes in appetite-related peptides, ratings (↓ hunger ↑ satiety), and behaviors (↓food-related cravings \& impulsivity, ↑ self-efficacy) consistent with EI reduction. Changes in appetite regulation indices will be associated with changes in relevant brain networks (Aim 1). These changes will also be associated with ↓ ad libitum EI. Exploratory Aim: To determine if RT impacts neuronal function and appetite-related peptides and behaviors in a manner favoring ↓ EI in Non-Compensators (top tertile of fat mass loss) as compared to Compensators (bottom tertile of fat mass loss). Hypothesis: Compared to Compensators, Non-Compensators will show ↓ neuronal responses to food cues and default network, and changes in appetite-related peptides, ratings, and behaviors consistent with ↓ EI.

Study Type

INTERVENTIONAL

Allocation

Purpose

OTHER

Masking

NONE

Enrollment

Conditions

Obesity

Interventions

Resistance TrainingBEHAVIORAL

12-weeks of a full body resistance training intervention. Intervention will consist of 4 training sessions per week that are approximately 45-minutes in length. Two days will be upper body training and 2 days lower body

Eligibility

Sex: ALLMin age: 18 YearsMax age: 55 YearsHealthy volunteers:

Medical Language ↔ Plain English

Inclusion Criteria: * all ethnic groups * both sexes * age: 18-55 * BMI: 27-40 kg/m2 * weight stable (±5% in last 6 months) * sedentary (\<2 hours of planned physical activity/week by self-report, no RT in previous 12-months) Exclusion Criteria: * history of CVD * DM * uncontrolled Hypertension * untreated thyroid disease * renal disease * hepatic disease * other condition affecting weight/metabolism * unable to exercise * smoker * medications affecting weight * EI or EE in past 6 months * weight loss/gain \>5% in past 6 months * post-menopausal women (defined as age appropriate women with 6 months or more of amenorrhea) * currently pregnant, lactating, \< 6 months post-partum * woman who have undergone oophorectomy * bariatric surgery * major psychiatric disorder * alcohol or substance abuse * depression by history and/or score \>21 on CES-D * history of eating disorders and/or score \>20 on EATS-26

Locations (1)

University of Colorado Denver - Anschutz Medical Campus

Aurora, Colorado, United States

Outcomes

Primary Outcomes

Change in Neuronal Responses to Food Cues in Regions of Interest

Changes in the insula, prefrontal cortex, and hypothalamus response to salient food cues (pre vs post-RT) as measured by fMRI in response to 12-weeks of RT