To determine treatment fidelity for a smartband/smartphone-based smoking monitoring, notification and brief mindfulness intervention.
This study will test the feasibility of using a smartband to detect and track smoking and deliver brief smoking cessation interventions by smartphone app in real time. Smokers will wear a smartband to detect and notify them of smoking for 21 days and obtain individual smoking profiles; detected smoking will then trigger a "mindful smoking" exercise for the next 7 days leading up to their quit date at 30 days; after which another mindfulness exercise ("RAIN": recognize, accept, investigate and note cravings rather than smoke) will be delivered prior to each predicted smoking episode according to their individual smoking profile for 30 days post-quit.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
NA
Purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
NONE
Enrollment
155
Smartband/smartphone based automatic smoking monitoring, notification and real-time brief mindfulness interventions and learn to work mindfully with cravings and triggers rather than smoke using RAIN prior to smoking episodes.This is a 3 step intervention.
Yale School of Medicine
New Haven, Connecticut, United States
Fidelity of Detecting Smoking Episodes
Percent of smoking episodes detected and the rate of false alarms in the first 60 days of the study during which smokers are wearing the smartband to monitor, detect and notify them of smoking episodes.
Time frame: 60 days
Fidelity of Delivering Mindful Smoking Exercises Triggered by Smoking
Percent of mindful smoking exercises correctly triggered by detected smoking episodes and the rate of false alarms during which any detected and confirmed smoking event triggers the mindful smoking exercise.
Time frame: 39 days
Timeliness of Delivering RAIN Exercise
Percent of participants and score range (very low, low, moderate, high, very high), with feasibility determined by 75% of participants rating timeliness of RAIN exercise as moderate or higher (via real-time ecological momentary assessment). Moderate or higher indicates a better (more timely) outcome.
Time frame: 30 days
Adherence to Wearing the Smartband
Percent of days spent wearing the smartband.
Time frame: 60 days
Adherence to Answering Smartband Notifications of Smoking Events
Percent of smoking notifications answered
Time frame: 60 days
Adherence to Answering Ecological Momentary Assessment Items
Percentage of ecological momentary assessment (EMA) ratings (e.g., timeliness, helpfulness, craving, affect) answered when participants completed mindfulness exercises. That is, did the participant complete the EMA when they completed the mindfulness exercise. Measured separately for percentage of EMA answered when participants completed RAIN exercises, and percentage of EMA answered when participants completed mindful smoking exercises. Reported is the percentage of EMA answered out of the number of completed mindfulness exercises, separately for RAIN and mindful smoking.
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Time frame: 60 days
Adherence to Completing Mindfulness Exercises
Percent of mindfulness exercises (RAIN, mindful smoking) completed
Time frame: 60 days
Acceptability of Intervention - Helpfulness of Mindfulness Exercises
Percent of participants and score range (very low, low, moderate, high, very high), with feasibility determined by 75% of participants rating helpfulness as moderate or higher of participants that completed at least one mindful smoking or RAIN exercise.
Time frame: 60 days
Acceptability of Intervention - User Experiences Survey
Feedback on user experiences survey (e.g., whether there were too many or not enough interventions) by theme- One survey with feasibility determined by 75% of participants rating the question as moderate or higher. Below are percentage of participants with ratings of moderate or higher for each question.
Time frame: up to 60 days
Number of Participants With Self-reported Abstinence From Smoking
As a secondary aim we will also evaluate self-reported one-week point prevalence abstinence from smoking and prolonged abstinence from smoking (≤5 cigarettes since quit date)
Time frame: 7 days