This study is set up to determine the consumption safety and the effect of a food supplement containing dietary fiber from cassava on the alterations of physiological parameters including fasting blood sugar, HbA1c, insulin resistance, lipid profiles, atherogenic index, blood pressure and gut microbes in overweight female volunteers.
Cassava is one of the important industrial crops in Thailand. The leftover fiber of cassava is still valuable and can be used as a dietary fiber. The previous study demonstrated that dietary fiber containing cassava fiber was safe for consumption without any contamination of the cyanide and heavy metals. Moreover, the microbial contaminations were within the safety range. The toxicity study revealed that the LD50 of the cassava dietary fiber was more than 5 g/kg body weight (BW) and NOAEL was 3 g/kg BW. The NOAEL was used to calculate the human equivalent dose for determining the effect of cassava dietary fiber in a clinical study. Cassava dietary fiber consists of water-insoluble fiber such as cellulose more than 50%. The previous study showed that insoluble fiber decreased the risk of type 2 diabetes and increased insulin release. Moreover, a high fiber diet also decreased the fasting glucose and HbA1C in type 2 diabetes volunteer. In addition, the effect of dietary fiber on the reduction of cholesterol was also reported. The previous study reported that the cassava dietary fiber could decrease the total cholesterol, triglyceride but increase high-density lipoprotein in a dyslipidemia rat model. Therefore, the cassava fiber might be the potential food supplement for the control of blood sugar and lipid profiles in human. However, less scientific data support the effect of cassava dietary fiber in human.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
DOUBLE
Enrollment
75
Cassava dietary fiber capsule or placebo will be consumed once daily at the recommended doses of each group.
Jitanaporn Wattanathorn
Khon Kaen, Thailand
The fasting blood sugar level
The previous study reported that high dietary fiber could decrease the fasting blood sugar in type 2 diabetes patient. The overweight female volunteer receive food supplement containing dietary fiber from Cassava should show the lower level of fasting blood sugar than the placebo-treated group after 4 weeks of intervention.
Time frame: Baseline and 4 weeks of intervention
The atherogenic index
The atherogenic index is an index composed of triglycerides and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. It has been used to quantify blood lipid levels and commonly used as an optimal indicator of dyslipidemia and associated diseases. The food supplement containing dietary fiber from Cassava might be able to decrease the atherogenic index in overweight female volunteer. The overweight female volunteer receive food supplement containing dietary fiber from Cassava should show the lower number of the atherogenic index than the placebo-treated group after 4 weeks of intervention.
Time frame: 4 weeks of intervention
hemoglobin A1c concentration
A hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) test measures the amount of blood sugar (glucose) attached to hemoglobin. This result shows the average amount of glucose attached to hemoglobin has been over the past three months. The previous study reported that high dietary fiber could decrease the HbA1C in type 2 diabetes patient. The food supplement containing dietary fiber from Cassava might be able to decrease the HbA1C in overweight female volunteer. The overweight female volunteer receive food supplement containing dietary fiber from Cassava should show the lower HbA1C level than the placebo-treated group after 4 weeks of intervention.
Time frame: 4 weeks of intervention
Homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR)
HOMA-IR was computed with the formula: fasting plasma glucose (mmol/l) multiplied fasting serum insulin (mU/l) divided by 22.5. Low HOMA-IR values indicate high insulin sensitivity, whereas high HOMA-IR values indicate low insulin sensitivity (insulin resistance). The overweight female volunteers receive food supplement containing dietary fiber from Cassava should show the lower HOMA-IR than the placebo-treated group after 4 weeks of intervention.
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Time frame: 4 weeks of intervention
Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) concentration
LDL is considered bad cholesterol and a leading cause of atherosclerosis formation. The food supplement containing dietary fiber from Cassava might be able to decrease the LDL level in overweight female volunteer. The overweight female volunteers receive food supplement containing dietary fiber from Cassava should show the lower LDL concentration than the placebo-treated group after 4 weeks of intervention.
Time frame: 4 weeks of intervention
High-density lipoprotein (HDL) concentration
HDL is considered as good cholesterol and believed that it acts as a scavenger and carrying of LDL from the arteries back to the liver. The food supplement containing dietary fiber from Cassava might be able to increase the LDL level in overweight female volunteer. The overweight female volunteers receive food supplement containing dietary fiber from Cassava should show a higher HDL concentration than the placebo-treated group after 4 weeks of intervention.
Time frame: 4 weeks of intervention
Triglyceride (TG) concentration
TG is one type of fat in the blood which converted from the excess energy from the diet. A high triglyceride level combined with high LDL (bad) cholesterol or low HDL (good) cholesterol is linked with fatty buildups within the artery walls, which increases the risk of heart attack and stroke in an overweight person. The food supplement containing dietary fiber from Cassava might be able to decrease the LDL level in overweight female volunteer. The overweight female volunteers receive food supplement containing dietary fiber from Cassava should show the lower TG concentration than the placebo-treated group after 4 weeks of intervention.
Time frame: 4 weeks of intervention
Cholesterol concentration
The high level of cholesterol is a cause of atherosclerosis in the blood vessel. The food supplement containing dietary fiber from Cassava might be able to decrease the cholesterol level in overweight female volunteer. The overweight female volunteers receive food supplement containing dietary fiber from Cassava should show the lower cholesterol concentration than the placebo-treated group after 4 weeks of intervention.
Time frame: 4 weeks of intervention
Body mass index (BMI)
The food supplement containing dietary fiber from Cassava might be able to decrease the BMI in overweight female volunteer. The overweight female volunteers receive food supplement containing dietary fiber from Cassava should show the lower BMI than the placebo-treated group after 4 weeks of intervention.
Time frame: 4 weeks of intervention
Gut microbes
It has been reported that the dysbiosis can cause the alteration of glucose metabolism, lipid metabolism, and dyslipidemia. Moreover, the high fiber diet causes the elevation of good bacteria in the gut and exert many effects. The food supplement containing dietary fiber from Cassava might be able to increase the good gut microbes in overweight female volunteer. The overweight female volunteers receive food supplement containing dietary fiber from Cassava should show higher gut microbes than the placebo-treated group after 4 weeks of intervention.
Time frame: 4 weeks of intervention
The consumption safety of food supplement containing dietary fiber from Cassava using Systolic and Diastolic Blood pressure
If the supplement containing dietary fiber from Cassava is safe, the blood pressure should be within the normal range.
Time frame: 4 weeks of intervention
The consumption safety of food supplement containing dietary fiber from Cassava using the electrocardiogram pattern and QT interval data
If the supplement containing dietary fiber from Cassava is safe, the EKG pattern and the QT interval should be within the normal range.
Time frame: 4 weeks of intervention
Consumption safety of food supplement containing dietary fiber from Cassava using blood chemistry
The blood chemistry values including renal function test, liver function test, and electrolytes will be determined and the data will be expressed as the number of subjects presented with abnormal blood chemistry value.
Time frame: 4 weeks of intervention
Consumption safety of food supplement containing dietary fiber from Cassava using hematolgical values.
The hematological values including red blood cell, white blood cell, hematocrit, and platelet will be determined and the data will be expressed as a number of subjects presented with abnormal hematological value.
Time frame: 4 weeks of intervention