In the treatment of type 2 diabetes (T2D), the number of patients requiring combination therapy of oral antidiabetic agents (OADs) is more than 70%. Especially in Korea, the tendency to avoid insulin therapy is relatively higher than other countries, therefore, the need for combination therapy of OADs is quite high. However, according to the current guidelines, clinicians are recommended to prescribe three or fewer OADs as the combination therapy for T2D. Recently, various OADs have been developed, and it is expected that quadruple combination therapy of OADs would be quite effective to lower blood glucose levels. In the present study, the investigators designed the study to compare the efficacy and safety of quadruple combination therapy; thiazolidinedione (TZD) vs. SGLT-2 inhibitor as an add-on therapy to triple combination therapy (Metformin, Sulfonylurea, Dipeptidyl peptidase-4(DPP-4) inhibitors). Quadruple combination therapy group with the SGLT-2 inhibitor will be considered as active control group, because it have shown non-inferior glycemic efficacy to the conventional insulin conversion therapy in a previous clinical study. Patients who could not achieve the target blood glucose level (7% \<HbA1c ≤ 10%) under the triple combination therapy (Metformin, Sulfonylurea, DPP-4 inhibitors) for more than 12 weeks will be enrolled in this prospective, open-label, randomized, parallel comparison, multicenter clinical trial. Subjects in each group (60 patients/group) will be treated with TZD-containing quadruple therapy or SGLT-2 inhibitor-containing quadruple therapy for 24 weeks. The investigators will evaluate the glycemic efficacy and safety of each group. Primary outcome is the 24 week-change of HbA1c from baseline levels.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
NONE
Enrollment
121
Pioglitazone 15mg (Acpio®, once daily, regardless of meal time, for 24 weeks) will be added for T2DM(type 2 diabetes mellitus) patients who had inadequate glycemic control (7% \<HbA1c ≤ 10%) with triple therapy (metformin, DPP-4 inhibitors, sulfonylurea). At visit 3 (after 12 week-treatment), patients whose HbA1c level is more than 7.0% will be prescribed increased dosage of pioglitazone : from 15mg to 30mg
Empagliflozin 10mg (Jardiance®, once daily, regardless of meal time, for 24 weeks) will be added for T2DM patients who had inadequate glycemic control (7% \<HbA1c ≤ 10%) with triple therapy (metformin, DPP-4 inhibitors, sulfonylurea). At visit 3 (after 12 week-treatment), patients whose HbA1c level is more than 7.0% will be prescribed increased dosage of empagliflozin : from 10mg to 25mg
Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine
Seoul, South Korea
Change of HbA1c
Time frame: 12 weeks
Change of HbA1c
Mean difference of HbA1c after 24 week-treatment
Time frame: 24 weeks
glucose
Percentage of patients who achieve target HbA1c (≤7% level)
Time frame: 12 weeks
glucose
Mean difference of fasting blood glucose after 24 week-treatment
Time frame: 24 weeks
Adverse events
Incidence of adverse events during treatment period
Time frame: 12 weeks
Adverse events
Incidence of adverse events during treatment period
Time frame: 24 weeks
Change of kidney function
Mean change of BUN and serum creatinine
Time frame: 12 weeks
Change of kidney function
Mean change of BUN and serum creatinine
Time frame: 24 weeks
Change of liver enzymes
Mean change of AST(Asparate aminotransferase)
Time frame: 12 weeks
Change of liver enzymes
Mean change of ALT(Alanine aminotransferase)
Time frame: 12 weeks
Change of liver enzymes
Mean change of Total bilirubin
Time frame: 12 weeks
Change of liver enzymes
Mean change of AST
Time frame: 24 weeks
Change of liver enzymes
Mean change of ALT
Time frame: 24 weeks
Change of liver enzymes
Mean change of Total bilirubin
Time frame: 24 weeks
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