The Effect of a Ketogenic Diet on the Exercise Induced Immune Response

N/ACompletedNCT04019730

Wageningen University14 enrolled

Overview

comparing the exercise induced immune response after two weeks on a low carbohydrate (ketogenic) diet with the response after two weeks on a high carbohydrate diet.

A cross-over intervention study, with a total duration of 6 weeks. An athlete follows a high, or low carbohydrate (ketogenic) diet. After 2 days a test day takes place where the athlete performs an exercise test and blood samples are taken at different time points. After that, the athlete continues following the diet for another 12 days, after which he comes back again for another identical test day. Then a 2 weeks wash-out period. After that, the athlete follows the same protocol but then with either the low (ketogenic), or high carbohydrate diet.

Study Type

INTERVENTIONAL

Allocation

RANDOMIZED

Purpose

BASIC_SCIENCE

Masking

SINGLE

Enrollment

Conditions

Upper Respiratory Tract Infections

Interventions

dietOTHER

low carbohydrate diet (\< 10 EN% carbs) vs high carbohydrate diet (\>50 EN% carbs)

Eligibility

Sex: MALEMin age: 18 YearsMax age: 45 YearsHealthy volunteers:

Medical Language ↔ Plain English

Inclusion Criteria: * Male * Age: 18 - 45 y * BMI: 18.5 - 25 kg/m2 * Hb ≥ 8.5 mmol/L, determined with blood sample from finger tip * Minimal of 3 hours of training per week, and a maximum of 10 hours * DKTP (diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus and polio) vaccinated (for stimulation of isolated cells (PBMC's) with tetanus toxoid) * No asthma medication and/or anti-inflammatory medication * No use of immunosuppressive medication * No flu and/or travel vaccinations in the 4 months before and during the study * Able to be present and participate at all test days * Willing and able to follow prescribed 2 times a diet for 2 weeks in a row Exclusion Criteria: * Chronic illness * Food allergies (e.g. nuts, gluten, avocado) * Vegetarian diet * Blood donations during study or in the 2 months prior to the study * Use of immunosuppressive medication * Flu and/or travel vaccination 4 months before and during the study * Hb \< 8.5 mmol/L * Working at "Human Nutrition" - Wageningen University

Locations (2)

Division of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University

Wageningen, Gelderland, Netherlands

Wageningen University and research

Wageningen, Gelderland, Netherlands

Outcomes

Primary Outcomes

PBMC cell differentiation changes in %

blood samples will be collected before and after exercise, the % of T-cells, NK-T-cells, B-cells, Monocytes in blood will be estimated with flow cytometrie.

Time frame: after 2 days and 2 weeks of adapted diet

Secondary Outcomes

stress hormone Cortisol

blood samples will be collected before and after exercise, the level of cortisol will be estimated in these blood samples

Time frame: after 2 days and 2 weeks of adapted diet

ketone bodies

in urine will be detected with KetoStix

Time frame: after 2 days and 2 weeks of adapted diet

Free fatty acids

in blood will be detected with an ELISA

Time frame: after 2 days and 2 weeks of adapted diet

Data from ClinicalTrials.gov

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