To evaluate the difference between body image and self-esteem scores during and at the end of the medical. Hypothesis: body image and self-esteem changes during the oncological treatments.
Body image and self-esteem represent important variables linked to adolescents' development. These two variables are the most affected in patients with the oncological disease. The consequences of a visible difference may have a significant impact on behaviour and mood, causing relevant impairments in individuals well-being and quality of life. Among different personal attributes, self-esteem may be the one with the greatest impact on body image (Cash, 2002). Indeed previous studies have investigated different features of body image and self-esteem (Webster \& Tiggemann, 2003), showing that they have a significant influence on the overall well-being (Cash \& Fleming, 2002), and that those aspects are also significantly influenced by age and gender. The patients are evaluated at T0 (within the first week of hospitalization after diagnosis), T1 (within 3 months after diagnosis), T2 (within 6 months after diagnosis), T3 (within 12 months after diagnosis, at the end of cancer treatment), according to a follow-up study design. Data analysis: r Pearson's correlation, repeated measure ANOVA and regression analysis will be carried out to investigate relations between studied variables and eventual changes over time. Analyses are performed using SPSS software (Chicago, S. P. S. S. SPSS Inc; 2008. SPSS Statistics, 17.)
Study Type
OBSERVATIONAL
Enrollment
14
Evaluation of body image perception requires three assessment tools administered at four different times: T0: During the first week of admission T1: Three months from the first admission T2: Six months from the first admission T3: One year from the end of the treatment 1. Italian Body Image Concern Inventory: 19-items self-report instrument rated on a 5-points Likert scale (1 = never; 5 = always). It consists of two sub-scales to evaluate body image-related dissatisfaction and concern respectively. 2. Body Uneasiness Test: 71-item self-report questionnaire on a 6-points Likert scale (0 = never; 5 = always) that consists of two subscales: BUT-A (measuring weight phobia, body image concerns, avoidance, compulsive self-monitoring, detachment and body depersonalization) and BUT-B (measuring worries about specific body parts or functions). 3. Human Figure Drawing: qualitative measure of adolescent's body perception; participants are asked a free draw, representing themselves.
Evaluation of body image perception is achieved administering TMA test at four different times: T0: During the first week of admission T1: Three months from the first admission T2: Six months from the first admission T3: One year from the end of the treatment TMA (Multidimensional Self-Esteem Test): a 150-items self-report questionnaire for children and adolescents from 9 to 19 years old. It's made up of six subscales: interpersonal relationships, environmental control competence, emotionality, scholastic success, family life, body perception. Participants have to express their agreement with each item according to the following response options: absolutely true, true, false, absolutely false.
Meyer Children's Hospital
Florence, Florence, Italy
Change in Body Image perception during the path of illness
I-BICI (Italian Body Image Concern Inventory): a self-report instrument composed by 19 items rated on a 5-points Likert scale (1 = never; 5 = always). It consists of two sub-scales to evaluate body image-related dissatisfaction and concern respectively. BUT (Body Uneasiness Test): a 71-item self-report questionnaire on a 6-points Likert scale (0 = never; 5 = always) that consists of two subscales: BUT-A which measures weight phobia, body image concerns, avoidance, compulsive self-monitoring, detachment and estrangement feelings towards one's own body (depersonalization); and BUT-B, which looks at specific worries about particular body parts or functions.
Time frame: Evaluation at T0 (within the first week of hospitalization after diagnosis), T1 (within 3 months after diagnosis), T2 (within 6 months after diagnosis), T3 (within 12 months after diagnosis, at the end of cancer treatment).
Change in self esteem levels during the path of illness
TMA (Multidimensional Self-Esteem Test): a 150-items self-report questionnaire for children and adolescents from 9 to 19 years old. It's made up of six subscales: interpersonal relationships, environmental control competence, emotionality, scholastic success, family life, body perception. Participants have to express their agreement with each item according to the following response options: absolutely true, true, false, absolutely false
Time frame: Evaluation at T0 (within the first week of hospitalization after diagnosis), T1 (within 3 months after diagnosis), T2 (within 6 months after diagnosis), T3 (within 12 months after diagnosis, at the end of cancer treatment), according to a foll
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