Atorvastatin vs Colchicine in Decrease of Troponin I of High Sensitivity in Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis.

Overview

Pilot study. The primary end point is the evaluation the efficacy of treatment with atorvastatin compared to colchicine for the decrease of high sensitivity troponin I levels in patients with rheumatoid arthritis with severe activity according of the Disease Activity Score 28 (DAS 28\> 5.1), through a randomized controlled clinical trial blinded to the rheumatologist and the cardiologist who will carry out the evaluation of the patient.

A pilot study will be conducted in patients older than 18 years with a diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis in the Hospital Central "Dr. Ignacio Morones Prieto", these patients will be evaluated by the rheumatologist and the patients with and patients with severe activity according of the Disease Activity Score 28 (DAS 28\> 5.1) will be invited to their recruitment, a history of ischemic heart disease, heart failure or chronic kidney disease will be reviewed for its exclusion. This is a randomized controlled clinical trial blinded to the rheumatologist and the cardiologist who will carry out the evaluation of the patient. Patients who meet the aforementioned criteria, will be given informed consent to be signed, if accepted and signed, treatment will be given according to block randomization performed as follows: atorvastatin 40 mg orally every 24 hours for four weeks, colchicine with one initial dose of 0.25 mg every 8 hours titrating dose in the first 3 days according to tolerance up to 0.5 mg every 8 hours for four weeks. A high-sensitivity troponin I measurement will be taken by means of a peripheral blood sample, the echocardiogram will be evaluated by the cardiologist, patients with heart failure will be eliminated with an unknown left ventricular ejection fraction or unknown ischemic heart disease and will be diagnosed at the first echocardiogram. We will review the laboratory studies of the evaluation with rheumatology: blood biometry, lipid profile, anti-citrullinated antibodies, rheumatoid factor, serum creatinine, uric acid, serum glucose. Patients from the area of rheumatology will be reviewed daily to recruit patients who meet the inclusion criteria, the patient will be informed in addition to signing the informed consent in case of accepting. The evaluation of the activity of the disease will be carried out using the DAS 28 scale at the beginning and end of the treatment. Follow up by telephone every week to patient for information of treatment follow-up and adverse effects. When reporting adverse effects with colchicine doses, the dose will be minimally tolerated or discontinued if necessary, as with treatment with atorvastatin. Peripheral blood samples for high sensitivity troponin I will be taken at the end of the four weeks, in addition to an echocardiogram in case of finding alterations in the first evaluation through this study. The changes in this cardiac biomarker and echocardiographic findings of said pilot study will be analyzed with the appropriate methods for this, their differences and statistical significance. The primary end point is the evaluation the efficacy of treatment with atorvastatin compared to colchicine for the decrease of high sensitivity troponin I levels in patients with rheumatoid arthritis with severe activity (DAS 28\> 5.1). Patients are randomized by means of a web-based procedure with a permuted-block design according to trial center. Patients are assigned in a 1:1 ratio to receive atorvastatin 40 mg orally every 24 hours for four weeks or colchicine with an initial dose of 0.25 mg every 8 hours, with titration in the first 3 days according to tolerance up to a maximum dose of 0.5 mg every 8 hours for four weeks. Secondary end points are the evaluation of findings found in echocardiography in patients with rheumatoid arthritis with severe activity before and after treatment with atorvastatin or colchicine according to randomization and the evaluate the risk factors associated with a higher elevation high sensitivity troponin I in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Universe of study. Patients with rheumatoid arthritis older than 18 years with activity of the disease according to DAS 28\> 5.1 attended in the rheumatology service of the Central Hospital "Dr. Ignacio Morones Prieto", San Luis Potosi, San Luis Potosi, Mexico. Patients are eligible if they are older than 18 years with a diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis according to the diagnostic criteria of the American College of Rheumatology and the European League against Rheumatism 2010 and severe activity by the scale of measurement of the disease (DAS) and sign the informed consent. The exclusion criteria are patient with ischemic heart disease or heart failure with decreased left ventricular ejection fraction demonstrated by initial echocardiography, known chronic kidney disease and previous diagnosis of acute coronary syndrome or heart failure. The elimination criteria are that the patient present an acute coronary syndrome requiring hospitalization or serious adverse effects in whom the suspension of treatment is necessary. Variables in the study. Dependent variable. Levels of high sensitivity troponin I in ng / ml. Independent variable. Group 1 atorvastatin 40 mg orally every 24 hours for four weeks. Group 2 of colchicine with an initial dose of 0.25 mg every 8 hours, with titration in the first 3 days according to tolerance up to a maximum dose of 0.5 mg every 8 hours for four weeks. Control variables. Age, Sex, Diabetes mellitus according to the diagnostic criteria of the American Diabetes Association, Hypertension according to the diagnostic criteria of the European Society of Hypertension and the European Society of Cardiology and Glomerular filtration rate. The primary efficacy outcome was determined with the use of an unconditional logistic-regression model fitted to estimate. STATISTIC ANALYSIS. The variables will be described by means of frequencies or percentages. The statistical analysis of each variable will be carried out with measures of central tendency and dispersion, the normality of the data will be evaluated. The variables with normal distribution will be expressed as mean and standard deviation. The qualitative data will be expressed as a percentage and frequency distribution. T student analysis of the means will be performed. A p less than 0.05 will be taken as statistical significance. All this will be done through the statistical program R version 3.4.3. Sample's size calculation Initially, a pilot study with 30 patients per group, according to Browne, will be recalculated based on the preliminary result and the power of the effect. This is an investigation with minimal risk. All the procedures will be in accordance with the stipulations of the Regulation of the General Law of Health in the Matter of Health Research. Title two, chapter I, Article 17, Section II. Treatment and diagnostic maneuvers do not violate the rules of the Declaration of Helsinki adopted by the 18th World Medical Assembly, Helsinki, Finland, June 1964 and until amended at the 64th World Medical Assembly General Assembly, Fortaleza, Brazil, October 2013. To the Laws and Codes of Mexico such as Article 100 of the General Health Law and Article 20 where it states that consent by means of information is understood as the written agreement by which the subject of investigation, or where appropriate, your legal representative authorizes your participation in the investigation with full knowledge of the nature of the procedures and risks to which you will submit, with the ability to freely choose and without any coercion. Patients who decide to collaborate in the study and who meet the selection criteria will be informed in writing what their participation will be and they will be asked to sign the informed consent form, being completely free to leave the project if so, they decide it, without this determining a decrease in the care of their medical attention. The information will be handled with strict confidentiality. The study protocol was reviewed \& approved by the ethical committee of the hospital Central "Dr. Ignacio Morones Prieto", with ethic number 63-18. Written knowledgeable consents were obtained from participants in this study.