The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of an extremely time-efficient high-intensity interval training program, performed over a period of six months in a real-world (workplace) setting, on cardiorespiratory fitness, cardiometabolic risk profile, and self-reported outcomes including perceived stress and subjective work ability in previously sedentary employees.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
NA
Purpose
PREVENTION
Masking
NONE
Enrollment
300
Heart rate based high-intensity interval training
Department of Medicine 1, Hector Center for Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg
Erlangen, Germany
RECRUITINGCardiorespiratory Fitness (CRF)
CRF will be assessed by measuring maximum oxygen uptake (VO2max)
Time frame: 12 months [Change from Baseline to 6 months and Change from Baseline to 6 months after the end of the intervention]
Metabolic Syndrome Z-Score (MetS-Z-Score)
MetS-Z-Score will be calculated from each individual's measures of waist circumference (cm), mean arterial blood pressure (mmHg), Glucose (mg/dL), triglycerides (mg/dL), and HDL-cholesterol (mg/dL), based on equations specific to sex.
Time frame: 12 months [Change from Baseline to 6 months and Change from Baseline to 6 months after the end of the intervention]
Muscle mass
Muscle mass (kg) will be measured by Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA)
Time frame: 12 months [Change from Baseline to 6 months and Change from baseline to 6 months after the end of the intervention]
Fat mass
Fat mass (kg) will be measured by Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA)
Time frame: 12 months [Change from baseline to 6 months and change from baseline to 6 months after the end of the intervention]
Total body water
Total body water (l) will be measured by Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA)
Time frame: 12 months [Change from baseline to 6 months and change from baseline to 6 months after the end of the intervention]
Insulin sensitivity
Insulin sensitivity will be estimated using homeostasis model assessment index (HOMA)
Time frame: 12 months [Change from Baseline to 6 months and Change from Baseline to 6 months after the end of the intervention]
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Inflammation status
Inflammation status will be assessed by measuring blood levels (mg/L) of c-reactive protein (CRP) and high-sensitivity c-reactive protein (hs-CRP)
Time frame: 12 months [Change from Baseline to 6 months and Change from Baseline to 6 months after the end of the intervention]
Health-related quality of life
Health-related quality of life will be assessed by using the standardized and validated EQ-5D-5L Questionnaire, consisting of 2 pages: the EQ-5D descriptive system and the EQ visual analogue scale (EQ VAS). The descriptive system comprises five dimensions: mobility, self-care, usual activities, pain/discomfort and anxiety/depression. Each dimension has 5 levels: no problems, slight problems, moderate problems, severe problems and extreme problems. The patient ticks the box next to the most appropriate statement in each dimension (scale: 1-5; lower value = better outcome). The digits for the 5 dimensions can be combined into a 5-digit number that describes the patient's health state.The EQ VAS records the patient's self-rated health on a vertical visual analogue scale (0-100, higher value = better outcome).
Time frame: 12 months [Change from Baseline to 6 months and Change from Baseline to 6 months after the end of the intervention]
Pain scores
Pain scores will be assessed by using the standardized and validated Chronic Pain Grade Questionnaire (CPGQ). The CPGQ is a seven-item instrument to evaluate overall severity of chronic pain based on 2 dimensions: pain intensity and pain-related disability. The responses on the 7 items are used to compute scores for 3 subscales: pain intensity (0-100), disability score (0-3), and disability Points (0-3). Lower values indicate better outcomes. moderately limiting intensity (Grade III), high disability and severely limiting intensity (Grade IV) (see Von Korff et al 1992).
Time frame: 12 months [Change from Baseline to 6 months and Change from Baseline to 6 months after the end of the intervention]
Perceived stress
Perceived stress will be assessed by using the standardized and validated Perceived Stress Questionnaire (PSQ). The PSQ comprises different components of stress (worries, tension, joy, demands), with 5 items each. It contains both positively and negatively formulated items in order to reduce acquiescent bias. Each item is answered using a four-point Likert-type scale, ranging from 1 to 4. Higher scores indicate more severe perceived stress.
Time frame: 12 months [Change from Baseline to 6 months and Change from Baseline to 6 months after the end of the intervention]
Subjective work ability
Subjective work ability will be assessed by using the standardized and validated Work Ability Index Questionnaire (WAI). WAI obtains information related to diseases, functional limitations, sick leave, and mental resources. The questionnaire consistes of 7 items, including current work ability compared with the lifetime best (item 1, 0-10), work ability in relation to the demands of the job (item 2, 2-10), number of current disease groups diagnosed by a physician (item 3, 1-7), estimated work impairment due to diseases (item 4, 1-6), sick leave during the past year (item 5, 1-5), personal prognosis of work ability for 2 years from now (item 6, 1,4 or 7) and mental resources, referring to the workers life in general, both at work and during leisure time(item 7, 1-4). The total WAI score is calculated by summing up the scores of all items and is ranged from 7 to 49. The total WAI scores are categorized into 4 levels: poor (7-27), moderate (28-36), good (37-43), and excellent (44-49).
Time frame: 12 months [Change from Baseline to 6 months and Change from Baseline to 6 months after the end of the intervention]