With our retrospective study the investigators show the limitations of the posterior retroperitoneal adrenalectomy by analyzing anatomical parameters. The investigators compared the data from one patient who underwent a conversion with 13 patients without a conversion. Furthermore, they explored the influence of these parameters on the operation time and excluded the patient who had a conversion from this analysis. The investigators hypothesize that by determining anatomical characteristics on cross-sectional imaging (CT or MRI), they can show the limitations of the posterior retroperitoneal adrenalectomy to prevent patients from being converted to lateral transperitoneal adrenalectomy.
Minimally invasive adrenalectomy has become the gold standard for the surgical treatment of small, benign adrenal lesions. In addition to the common laparoscopic lateral transperitoneal adrenalectomy, the posterior retroperitoneal adrenalectomy is becoming increasingly important. To date, there is no consensus regarding the preferred approach in the resection of benign adrenal tumors. A comprehensive adrenal tumor program should be able to offer both options, however, patient selection criteria for a given approach have not yet been defined. The choice between lateral transperitoneal adrenalectomy and posterior retroperitoneal adrenalectomy is relevant for patients with unilateral tumors \< 6-7 cm and without previous abdominal surgery. The aim of this study was to determine the limits of posterior retroperitoneal adrenalectomy using anatomical parameters to enable the preferred access to be chosen preoperatively to prevent conversion. In addition, the investigators describe the relationship between these parameters and the operation time to find a measure of the degree of technical difficulty.
Study Type
OBSERVATIONAL
Enrollment
14
Minimally invasive adrenalectomy procedure
During posterior retroperitoneal adrenalectomy, the failure to progress or the difficulty of creating or maintaining a pneumoperitoneum are reasons why conversion occurs.
Simone Eichelberger
Basel, Switzerland
Sagittal distance between the dorsal border of the adrenal gland and the 12th rib tip
Measurement of preoperative anatomical conditions on cross- sectional imaging (CT or MRI). Sagittal distance between the dorsal border of the adrenal gland and the 12th rib tip, mm.
Time frame: The measurement was performed in the period from 19.11.2018 - 04.02.2019.
Thickness of retroperitoneal fat
Measurement of preoperative anatomical conditions on cross- sectional imaging (CT or MRI). Defined as the largest distance between the kidney parenchyma and the posterior abdominal wall at the level where the renal vein joins the vena cava inferior.
Time frame: The measurement was performed in the period from 19.11.2018 - 04.02.2019.
Posterior Adiposity Index
Measurement of preoperative anatomical conditions on cross- sectional imaging (CT or MRI). Distance from skin to renal parenchyma through the 12th rib tip. The larger the distance, the larger the index. The scale ranges are open.
Time frame: The measurement of the parameter from the cross-sectional image was performed in the period from 19.11.2018 - 04.02.2019.
Longitudinal distance between the upper pole of the kidney and the inferior border of the adrenal gland.
Measurement of preoperative anatomical conditions on cross- sectional imaging (CT or MRI). Longitudinal distance between the upper pole of the kidney and the inferior border of the adrenal gland, mm.
Time frame: The measurement was performed in the period from 19.11.2018 - 04.02.2019.
Longitudinal distance between the superior border of the adrenal gland to the 12th rib tip.
Measurement of preoperative anatomical conditions on cross- sectional imaging (CT or MRI). Longitudinal distance between the superior border of the adrenal gland to the 12th rib tip, mm.
Time frame: The measurement was performed in the period from 19.11.2018 - 04.02.2019.
Longitudinal distance between the 12th rib and the iliac crest
Measurement of preoperative anatomical conditions on cross- sectional imaging (CT or MRI). Longitudinal distance between the 12th rib and the iliac crest, mm.
Time frame: The measurement was performed in the period from 19.11.2018 - 04.02.2019.
Sagittal thickness of the subcutaneous layer above the 12th rib tip
Measurement of preoperative anatomical conditions on cross- sectional imaging (CT or MRI). Sagittal thickness of the subcutaneous layer above the 12th rib tip, mm.
Time frame: The measurement was performed in the period from 19.11.2018 - 04.02.2019.
Sagittal thickness of the subcutaneous layer above the iliac crest
Measurement of preoperative anatomical conditions on cross- sectional imaging (CT or MRI). Sagittal thickness of the subcutaneous layer above the iliac crest, mm.
Time frame: The measurement was performed in the period from 19.11.2018 - 04.02.2019.
Thickness of the subcutaneous layer above the 12th rib tip
Measurement of preoperative anatomical conditions on cross- sectional imaging (CT or MRI). Thickness of the subcutaneous layer above the 12th rib tip, measured on the straight line to the center of gravity, mm.
Time frame: The measurement was performed in the period from 19.11.2018 - 04.02.2019.
Sagittal thickness of the subcutaneous layer between the center of gravity and the lateral border of the body
Measurement of preoperative anatomical conditions on cross- sectional imaging (CT or MRI). Sagittal thickness of the subcutaneous layer between the center of gravity and the lateral border of the body, measured at the level of the 12th rib tip, mm.
Time frame: The measurement was performed in the period from 19.11.2018 - 04.02.2019.
Tumor size
Measurement of preoperative anatomical conditions on cross- sectional imaging (CT or MRI). Tumor size, cm.
Time frame: The measurement was performed in the period from 19.11.2018 - 04.02.2019.
Operative time
Duration of adrenalectomy. Data were extracted and analyzed from the hospital information system.
Time frame: The data were collected between 19.11.2018 and 04.02.2019.
Body-Mass-Index
Value derived from the mass (weight) and height of a person. Data were extracted and analyzed from the hospital information system.
Time frame: The data were collected between 19.11.2018 and 04.02.2019.
The side of the adrenal gland that was removed
Side of the removed adrenal gland (left, right, bilateral). Data were extracted and analyzed from the hospital information system.
Time frame: The data were collected between 19.11.2018 and 04.02.2019.
Previously performed abdominal surgeries taken from the hospital information system
Previous abdominal operations with opening of the abdominal cavity which give an indication of adhesions.Data were extracted and analyzed from the hospital information system.
Time frame: The data were collected between 19.11.2018 and 04.02.2019.
Age
Age at adrenalectomy. Data were extracted and analyzed from the hospital information system.
Time frame: The data were collected between 19.11.2018 and 04.02.2019.
Sex
Female or Male
Time frame: The data were collected between 19.11.2018 and 04.02.2019.
Histological diagnosis of the sample from the adrenalectomy
Histological evaluation. Data were extracted and analyzed from the hospital information system.
Time frame: The data were collected between 19.11.2018 and 04.02.2019.
Imaging
CT or MRI
Time frame: The data were collected between 19.11.2018 and 04.02.2019.
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