Heterogeneity Informed Nutrition Therapy for Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

Overview

The hypothesis for this study is that women with different physiologic subtypes of gestational diabetes (GDM) (insulin secretion deficit vs. insulin sensitivity deficit) will differ in their glycemic responses to meals with different portions of dietary macronutrients. Investigators will determine GDM subtype based on glucose and insulin levels taken at multiple time points during an oral glucose tolerance test. Participants will consume two meals with different macronutrient content while wearing a continuous glucose monitor which will allow investigators to assess the glycemic response to the meals.

Diabetes mellitus can be classified based on impairments in two different physiologic parameters, insulin secretion and insulin sensitivity. The investigator involved in this trial has previously defined GDM subtypes based on underlying physiology and demonstrated that women with GDM and predominant sensitivity defects have an elevated risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes, while women with predominant secretion defects do not appear to carry the same risk. This supports the idea that not all gestational diabetes is the same. Ideal treatment strategies may differ between GDM subtypes. In this trial, investigators will evaluate the postprandial glycemic response to two test meals with different macronutrient content in different GDM physiologic subtypes. Two test meals with different macronutrient proportions have been designed by research dieticians. Participants will eat test meals at home for breakfast in a randomized order after an overnight fast. Participants will complete food and blood sugar diaries, and will wear a continuous glucose monitor, which will measure postprandial glucose.

Conditions

Interventions

Eligibility

Locations (2)

Outcomes

Central Contacts