In the first part of this study the prevalence of frailty in patients with cardiovascular disease will be examined. Frailty is defined as a progressive age-related decline in physiological systems that results in decreased reserves of intrinsic capacity, which confers extreme vulnerability to stressors. Patients (≥65 years, men and women) suffering from heart failure or undergoing a coronary artery bypass grafing (CABG) or percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) will be included. Based on the phenotype of Fried, frailty will be examined in the physical domain. Moreover, the nutritional, social, psychological and cognitive domain of frailty will be examined. This will result in a total score of 0 (no frailty) to 24 (severe frailty), divided into four categories: no frailty (score 0-6), minor frailty (score 7-12), moderate frailty (score 13-18) or severe frailty (score 18-24). Besides this frailty protocol, a few other measurements will be completed to collect additional information about the functioning of the patient. At discharge from the hospital, some of these patients will start with a cardiac rehabilitation program. To define the exercise intensity of this program, patients will perform a maximal exercise test (CPET). In the second part of this study, correlations will be examined between markers of frailty and markers of exercise from the CPET (e.g. maximal heart rate, maximal oxygen uptake).
Study Type
OBSERVATIONAL
Enrollment
140
Jessa Hospital Campus Virga Jesse
Hasselt, Limburg, Belgium
Level of (in)dependence via the Katz scale
Evaluation of the level of (in)dependence in activities of daily life via a 4-point scale (1-4)
Time frame: At baseline
Nutritional status via the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA)
Examination of the nutritional status of the patient via a questionnaire (30 points)
Time frame: At baseline
Level of physical activity via the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ)
Examination of the level of physical activity of the patient via a questionnaire
Time frame: At baseline
Cognitive status via the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE)
Examination of the cognitive status of the patient via a short screening (30 points)
Time frame: At baseline
Psychological status via the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15)
Examination of the presence/absence of a depressive mood via a questionnaire (15 questions/15 points)
Time frame: At baseline
Concern about falling via the Falls Efficacy Scale (FES-I)
Examination of the level of concern about falling during social and physical activities via a questionnaire (16 questions/ 64 points)
Time frame: At baseline
Weight loss via the evaluation of body weight
Evaluation of involuntary loss of body weight in the previous months
Time frame: At baseline
Gait speed via the 4.6 meter walking test
Examination of the walking speed of the patient
Time frame: At baseline
Evaluation of handgrip strength
Evaluation of the handgrip strength of the patient via handheld dynamometry
Time frame: At baseline
Examination of mobility/balance/muscle strength/risk of falling via the Timed Up and Go Test (TUG)
The Timed Up and Go Test measures the time that a person takes to rise from a chair, walk three meters, turn around, walk back to the chair, and sit down. By combining this test with a motor or cognitive dual task, the risk of falling of the patient will be examined.
Time frame: At baseline
Comorbidities via the record of medication use
Record of cardiac and other medications
Time frame: At baseline
Evaluation of lower limb strength
Evaluation of lower limb strength of the patient via Microfet measurements
Time frame: At baseline
Evaluation of functional lower limb strength
Evaluation of functional lower limb strength of the patient via the Timed Chair Stand Test
Time frame: At baseline
Correlations between frailty (via the primary frailty outcome measures) and exercise parameters (via the maximal exercise test (CPET)
Evaluation of correlations between frailty characteristics (from the primary outcome measures) and exercise parameters from a maximal exercise test (CPET) (performed at the start of a cardiac rehabilitation program).
Time frame: At the start of the cardiac rehabilitation program
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