Pregnant women often experience fear of childbirth or anxiety toward the labor pain or uncertainties associated with labor process. To develop and evaluate the efficacy of childbirth educational interventions on reduction of fear or anxiety is an important issue in maternal health care.
Fear of childbirth is a common clinical problem among perinatal women and link to adverse health effects on mother's and offspring's well-being. Recently, reducing the childbirth fear becomes a highly important maternity care issues as a result of the fact that the birth rate has been declining rapidly as well as Cesarean rate increased steadily. However, the studies on fear of childbirth among perinatal population in Taiwan were limited. In this proposal the investigators plan to conduct a randomized controlled study examining the effects of mindfulness-based childbirth education. In the randomized controlled study, women will be recruited and randomized into the experiment group (receiving mindfulness-based childbirth education and traditional childbirth education),or will be allocated in the control group receiving traditional childbirth education. Intention-to-treat analysis as well as mixed regression modeling will be used to estimate the effectiveness of the interventions.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
HEALTH_SERVICES_RESEARCH
Masking
DOUBLE
Enrollment
404
8-week mindfulness-based childbirth education
Taipei Medical University, Taiwan, R.O.C.
Taipei, Taiwan
Fear of childbirth
Fear of childbirth measure by the Wijma Delivery Expectancy/ Experience Questionnaires, W-DEQ with total score ranging between 0\~165. The high score indicated higher levels of childbirth fear.
Time frame: pregnancy 12-24 weeks
Fear of childbirth
Fear of childbirth measure by the Wijma Delivery Expectancy/ Experience Questionnaires, W-DEQ with total score ranging 0-165. The higher score indicated higher level of childbirth fear.
Time frame: pregnancy 32-36 weeks
Fear of childbirth
Fear of childbirth measure by the Wijma Delivery Expectancy/ Experience Questionnaires, W-DEQ, with total score ranging 0-165. The higher score indicated the higher level of childbirth fear.
Time frame: postpartum 1 week
Anxiety
Anxiety measure by State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, STAI
Time frame: pregnancy 12-24 weeks
Anxiety
Anxiety measure by State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, STAI, with an overall score ranging 20,80. A higher score indicates higher anxiety.
Time frame: pregnancy 32-36 weeks
Anxiety
Anxiety measure by State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, STAI, with an overall score ranging 20,80. A higher score indicates higher anxiety.
Time frame: postpartum 1 week
Depression
Depression measure by Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale, EPDS, , with a total score ranging 0,30. A higher score represents a higher level of depression.
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Time frame: pregnancy 12-24 weeks
Depression
Depression measure by Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale, EPDS, , with a total score ranging 0,30. A higher score represents a higher level of depression.
Time frame: pregnancy 32-36 weeks
Depression
Depression measure by Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale, EPDS, , with a total score ranging 0,30. A higher score represents a higher level of depression.
Time frame: postpartum 1 week
Mindfulness
Mindfulness measure by Chinese Version Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (CMAAS), with a total score ranging 15-90, the higher score and the high levels of mindfulness.
Time frame: pregnancy 12-24 weeks
Mindfulness
Mindfulness measure by Chinese Version Mindful Attention Awareness Scale, CMAAS, with a total score ranging from 15-90, the higher score the high levels of mindfulness.
Time frame: pregnancy 32-36 weeks
Mindfulness
Mindfulness measure by Chinese Version Mindful Attention Awareness Scale, CMAAS, with a total score ranging 15-90, and the higher the score, the higher levels of mindfulness.
Time frame: postpartum 1 week
Birth outcomes
To analyze the mode of delivery, including vaginal delivery or cesarean delivery.
Time frame: postpartum 1 week