This phase I trial studies the side effects of donor natural killer (NK) cell therapy in treating patients with acute myeloid leukemia that has come back (recurrent) or has not responded to treatment (refractory). Natural killer cells are a type of immune cell. Immunotherapy with genetically modified NK cells from donors may induce changes in the body's immune system and may interfere with the ability of cancer cells to grow and spread.
PRIMARY OBJECTIVE: I. To determine the safety of adoptive NK cell therapy using membrane-bound interleukin-21 (mbIL21)-expanded, off-the-shelf, third-party donor-derived NK cells in patients with relapsed/refractory acute myeloid leukemia (AML). SECONDARY OBJECTIVES: I. Estimate the complete response (CR, CR with incomplete hematologic recovery \[CRi\] \& morphologic leukemia-free state \[MLFS\]). II. Estimate the median relapse free survival. III. Estimate the median time to neutrophil and platelet count recovery. IV. Estimate the median duration of remission. V. Estimate the incidence of infectious complications. VI. Estimate percentage of patients receiving this regimen who are rendered transplant-eligible. CORRELATIVE OBJECTIVES: I. Determine the persistence of ex-vivo expanded, off-the-shelf, third-party NK cells. II. Characterize in vivo expansion of third-party NK cells and if it differs based on the conditioning regimen as defined by NK chimerism assay. III. Determine the immunophenotype and function of expanded cells. IV. Chimerism analysis in patients who have had post-transplant relapses. OUTLINE: This is a dose-escalation study of membrane-bound interleukin-21-expanded haploidentical natural killer cells. INDUCTION: Patients receive fludarabine intravenously (IV) and cytarabine IV on days -6 to -2 in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. COHORT II: Patients who are \>= 60 years old, unable/unwilling to tolerate intensive chemotherapy, or disease insensitive to cytarabine (tp53, TET2 mutations) receive fludarabine IV on days -5 to -2 and decitabine IV on days -6 to -2 in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. All patients receive membrane-bound interleukin-21-expanded haploidentical natural killer cells via infusion on days 0, 2, 4, 7, 9, and 11. After completion of study treatment, patients are followed up to day 56.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
NON_RANDOMIZED
Purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
NONE
Enrollment
19
Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center
Columbus, Ohio, United States
Oregon Health & Science University
Portland, Oregon, United States
Maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of membrane-bound interleukin-21-expanded haploidentical natural killer (NK) cells
The MTD will be defined as the highest safely tolerated dose where at most one patient in six experiences dose-limiting toxicity (DLT) during DLT observation period. DLT is defined as any steroid refractory acute graft versus host disease.
Time frame: Up to 63 days
Incidence of adverse events
Toxicities will be assessed by type and grade using Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events version 5.0 and displayed in summary form by cohort and overall. Toxicities will be summarized and reported regardless of attribution and also only those attributed to NK cells.
Time frame: Up to day 28
Complete response (CR)
Response rate with a 95% confidence interval (CI) will be reported for all evaluable patients, assuming a binomial distribution. Response rate will also be reported for those who received all 6 doses of NK cells.
Time frame: Up to day 56
CR with incomplete hematologic recovery
Response rate with a 95% CI will be reported for all evaluable patients, assuming a binomial distribution. Response rate will also be reported for those who received all 6 doses of NK cells.
Time frame: Up to day 56
Morphologic leukemia-free state
Response rate with a 95% CI will be reported for all evaluable patients, assuming a binomial distribution. Response rate will also be reported for those who received all 6 doses of NK cells.
Time frame: Up to day 56
Median relapse free survival
Will use descriptive statistics to summarize the demographic and clinical characteristics of the patients on this study.
Time frame: Up to day 56
Median time to neutrophil and platelet count recovery
Will use descriptive statistics to summarize the demographic and clinical characteristics of the patients on this study.
Time frame: Up to day 56
Median duration of remission
Will use descriptive statistics to summarize the demographic and clinical characteristics of the patients on this study.
Time frame: Up to day 56
Incidence of infectious complications
Will use descriptive statistics to summarize the demographic and clinical characteristics of the patients on this study.
Time frame: Up to day 56
Percentage of patients receiving the regimen who are rendered transplant-eligible
Will use descriptive statistics to summarize the demographic and clinical characteristics of the patients on this study.
Time frame: Up to day 56
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