This RCT study develops a brief group-based CBT intervention. The primary objective is to evaluate the efficacy of the CBT in reducing IGD, compare to a wait-list control group.
Introduction Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is potentially useful as it is effective in treating mental/behavioral disorders, restructuring cognitions and cultivating positive coping. A gap exists as the only two existing clinic-based small randomized controlled trials (RCT) yielded mixed findings on CBT's treatment effect for adolescent IGD. Objectives This RCT study develops a brief group-based CBT intervention. The primary objective is to evaluate the efficacy of the CBT in reducing IGD, compare to a wait-list control group. Subjects and methods The study design is two-armed RCT. The participants are Secondary 1-4 students (n=226) with IGD (DSM-5 classification) identified in a school-based screening. Evaluation involves surveys at baseline, end of CBT intervention, and 6 months afterwards. In addition to information received by the wait-list control group, the intervention group receives a carefully designed brief 8-week group-based CBT. The control group will receive CBT after the 6-month follow-up. Trained social workers of a collaborating NGO that serves secondary school students will conduct the CBT. Outcomes and measures The primary outcome is IGD (a validated DSM-5 IGD classification tool). Secondary outcomes include time spent on Internet/Internet games and the intention to reduce IGD. Measures of potential mediators (maladaptive beliefs and coping) include: Internet Gaming Cognition Scale, Generalized Problematic Internet Use Scale, Emotion Regulation Questionnaire, and Coping Scale for Children and Youth. Data analysis Intention-to-treat analysis is performed. The primary outcome is assessed by absolute and relative risk reduction. Generalized Linear Mixed Models and Structural Equation Models are used to test secondary outcomes and mediation effects. Implications The findings may lead to an evidence-based treatment for adolescent IGD, a newly defined disease, which has been rarely reported in literature. Understanding its mechanism contributes to theoretical development of IGD and related treatment.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
DOUBLE
Enrollment
226
The CBT focuses on cognitive restructuring to reduce the specific key maladaptive beliefs on Internet gaming suggested by King's model, and develop useful coping skills (self-regulation/control, emotion regulation, problem-solving coping) that are adapted from previous CBT for adolescent IGD. In addition, it provides training on relapse-prevention and maintenance techniques.
Printed education material introducing IGD will be distributed.
Printed education material introducing CBT will be distributed.
HKMLC Queen Maud Secondary School
Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITINGHenrietta Secondary School
Hong Kong, Hong Kong
RECRUITINGPo Kok Secondary School
Hong Kong, Hong Kong
Change from baseline Internet gaming disorder (IGD) immediately after the interventions
The DSM-5 classification of IGD: The 9-item IGD checklist is a short, user-friendly, self-report measure for assessing the DSM-5 classification of IGD. Symptoms to be assessed include preoccupation, tolerance, withdrawal, unsuccessful attempts to limit gaming, deception or lies about gaming, loss of interest in other activities, use despite knowledge of harm, use for escape or relief of negative mood, and harm in the past 12 months. Response options are no (0) and yes (1). As per the DSM-5 recommendation, those with \>=5 'yes' responses are considered IGD cases. The Chinese version has been validated with high internal consistency.
Time frame: immediately after the interventions
Change from baseline Internet gaming disorder (IGD) at 6 months
The DSM-5 classification of IGD: The 9-item IGD checklist is a short, user-friendly, self-report measure for assessing the DSM-5 classification of IGD. Symptoms to be assessed include preoccupation, tolerance, withdrawal, unsuccessful attempts to limit gaming, deception or lies about gaming, loss of interest in other activities, use despite knowledge of harm, use for escape or relief of negative mood, and harm in the past 12 months. Response options are no (0) and yes (1). As per the DSM-5 recommendation, those with \>=5 'yes' responses are considered IGD cases. The Chinese version has been validated with high internal consistency.
Time frame: six months after the interventions
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Po Leung Kuk Lee Shing Pik College
Hong Kong, Hong Kong
ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITINGS.T.F.A. Lee Shau Kee College
Hong Kong, Hong Kong
ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITINGShun Tak Fraternal Association Leung Kau Kui College
Hong Kong, Hong Kong
RECRUITING