About 85% of cases of non-metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC) are related to chromosomal instability and have a proficient DNA Mismatch-Repair system (pMMR); which are also called CRC with microsatellite stability (MSS). Other CRC, i.e. 15%, are "microsatellite unstable" (MSI) with deficient DNA Mismatch-Repair system (dMMR). These latter are characterised by generation of many neo-antigens, which result in a high anti-tumour immune response and a high peri- and/or intra-tumour lymphocyte infiltration (TIL). Investigators recently showed, with a prospectively validated immune score, that 14% of localised MSS/pMMR CRC are also highly infiltrated by CD3+ lymphocytes. This same immune score has made it possible to measure high lymphocyte infiltration in hepatic metastases, in particular, in patients treated with XELOX/FOLFOX. Pembrolizumab, an anti-PD1 monoclonal antibody (programmed death-1) is an immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) of PD1/PD-L1 axis, recently approved in many cancers. Anti-PD1 antibodies have recently been reported as being very effective in patients with dMMR metastatic CRC (mCRC). In the study by Le DT et al. pMMR mCRC did not seem to benefit from anti-PD1 antibodies. However, it is possible that 20% of pMMR mCRC with a high CD3+ infiltrate in the tumour may be a subgroup of pMMR mCRC sensitive to ICI, as is the case for dMMR mCRC. Lastly, immunogenic cell death induced by chemotherapy, such as oxaliplatin, can increase the efficacy of ICI. The prognostic value of lymphocyte infiltrate has been demonstrated in CRC by several teams. However, no validated test is used in routine clinical practice. Previously, investigators described an automated and reproducible method for analysis of TIL and investigators validated it for clinical use. Automated tests evaluating TIL are performed on virtual slides and have showed that, out of 1,220 tumours tested, 20% were highly infiltrated by CD3+ T cells. Patients presenting with a pMMR CRC with a high immune infiltrate had a better progression-free survival (HR=0.70; p=0.02). An immunoscore® described by Galon et al. has also a high prognostic value in CRC and is based on CD3+ and CD8+ T cells infiltration in the center and periphery of the tumour. Finally, approximately 14% of tumours with a high immune infiltrate have been found in patients with metastatic CRC. Investigators formulated the hypothesis that patients with a pMMR CRC with a high immune infiltrate can be sensitive to ICI . Therefore, blocks of resected primary tumour will be collected and analysed prospectively. For each patient, slides containing tumour tissue and adjacent non-tumour tissue will be analysed using two techniques : immunoscore® and TuLIS score.It consist in Immunohistochemistry with CD3 and CD8 staining. Slides will be scanned and analysed by image analysis as previously described . Tumours will then be classified as having a "high" or "low" immune response according to type of lymphocyte infiltrate, which is independent of pre-analytic conditions. Only patients with a high immune response will be eligible for the POCHI trial. Other biomarkers will be analysed like other immune populations or mutational load. If investigators identify an immune score which seems clinically relevant to predict sensitivity to ICI in pMMR mCRC, this will make it possible to plan a randomised phase III trial comparing chemotherapy and anti-angiogenic antibody versus chemotherapy and anti-angiogenic antibody plus pembrolizumab in patients with a pMMR mCRC with a high immune score and/or a hypermutated genotype. Investigators choose PFS at 10 months as primary endpoint in POCHI trial because it is a surrogate marker of OS. Actually median PFS in first-line setting with a doublet plus a biological agent is range from 8 to 11 months in unresectable mCRC, corresponding to a PFS of 50% at 10 months. The alternative clinical hypothesis to obtain 70% of patients alive and without progression at 10 months is ambitious and currently not achieved with current chemotherapies plus a biological agent. Up until now there is no data concerning survivals outcomes of patients with a MSS mCRC with high immune infiltration score.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
NA
Purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
NONE
Enrollment
55
2000 mg/m²/day, from day 1 to 14 of each cycle
130 mg/m² by IV infusion over 2 hours, on day 1 of each cycle
7.5 mg/kg by IV infusion over 60 minutes, on day 1 of each cycle
200 mg by IV infusion over 30 minutes, on day 1 of each cycle
Ch - Centre Hospitalier D'Abbeville
Abbeville, France
NOT_YET_RECRUITINGChu - Hôpital Sud
Amiens, France
RECRUITINGPrivé - Clinique de L'Europe
Amiens, France
NOT_YET_RECRUITINGPrivé - Ico - Site Paul Papin
Angers, France
NOT_YET_RECRUITINGThe rate of patients alive and without progression at 10 months after inclusion
Progression is evaluated by CT scan, according to RECIST criteria (version 1.1) definition by the investigator. Death was also considered as an event (all causes). Progression is defined using Response Evaluation Criteria In Solid Tumors Criteria (RECIST v1.1), as a 20% increase in the sum of the longest diameter of target lesions compared the little sum of diameters observed during the study (NADIR), or a measurable increase in a non-target lesion, or the appearance of new lesions
Time frame: 10 months after inclusion
Overall survival
Overall survival is defined as the time from the date of the patient's inclusion to the patient's death (all causes). For alive patients the date of the latest news is taken into account
Time frame: Up to 2 years after the end of the treatment
Histological response in case of secondary resection
Response evaluated according to the TRG (Rubbia-Brandt L et al. Annals Oncol 2007), for patients who underwent a secondary resection
Time frame: Up to 2 years after the end of the treatment
This platform is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional.
Privé - Hôpital Privé Pays de Savoie
Annemasse, France
NOT_YET_RECRUITINGPrivé - Hôpital Privé D'Antony
Antony, France
RECRUITINGCh - Hôpital Henri Duffaut
Avignon, France
RECRUITINGPrive - Institut Du Cancer Avignon Provence
Avignon, France
RECRUITINGCh - Centre Hospitalier de La Côte Basque
Bayonne, France
RECRUITINGPrivé - Clinique Capio Balharra
Bayonne, France
NOT_YET_RECRUITING...and 78 more locations