The investigators studied the effects of intranasal dexmedetomidine compared with oral midazolam with different doses for premedication in children. One hundred and twenty children aged between 2 and 12 years were randomly allocated to one of four groups:2.5µg/kg intranasal dexmedetomidine group ; 0.5mg/kg oral midazolam group;0.05 mg/kg intravenous injection midazolam group; no premedication group. Sedation levels 10, 20, and 30min after premedication were evaluated using a 5-point sedation scale. A 4-point emotional state score was used to evaluate participators when they were separated from their parents and their response to intravenous cannulation or facemask application. Agitation scores (Pediatric Anesthe-sia Emergence Delirium \[PAED\] scale) and POV were assessed in the postanesthetic care unit (PACU).Times to endotracheal tube or laryngeal mask airway removal, discharge from the PACU and patients' satisfaction degree were also assessed.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
PREVENTION
Masking
QUADRUPLE
Enrollment
320
2.5µg/kg intranasal dexmedetomidine group
0.5mg/kg oral midazolam
0.05mg/kg intravenous injection midazolam
no premedication
Department of Anesthesiology, The Eye, Ear, Nose and Throat Hospital of Fudan University
Shanghai, Shanghai Municipality, China
Sedation
1. Rarely awake, needs shaking or shouting to wake up 2. Asleep, eyes closed, wakes up when called softly or lightly touched 3. Sleepy but eyes open spontaneously 4. Awake 5. Agitated
Time frame: 10 minutes after premedication
Sedation
1. Rarely awake, needs shaking or shouting to wake up 2. Asleep, eyes closed, wakes up when called softly or lightly touched 3. Sleepy but eyes open spontaneously 4. Awake 5. Agitated
Time frame: 20 minutes after premedication
Sedation
1. Rarely awake, needs shaking or shouting to wake up 2. Asleep, eyes closed, wakes up when called softly or lightly touched 3. Sleepy but eyes open spontaneously 4. Awake 5. Agitated
Time frame: 30 minutes after premedication
Emotional state
1. Calm 2. Apprehensive, not smiling, tentative behaviour, withdrawn 3. Crying 4. Thrashing, crying with movement of arms and legs, resisting
Time frame: 0 minutes after they were separated from their parents
Emotional state
1. Calm 2. Apprehensive, not smiling, tentative behaviour, withdrawn 3. Crying 4. Thrashing, crying with movement of arms and legs, resisting
Time frame: 0 minutes after intravenous cannulation
Emotional state
1. Calm 2. Apprehensive, not smiling, tentative behaviour, withdrawn 3. Crying 4. Thrashing, crying with movement of arms and legs, resisting
Time frame: 0 minutes after facemask application
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