Due to a changed lifestyle with less physical activity, unfavorable diets rich in fat and calories and obesity, the prevalence of diabetes mellitus is increasing worldwide. The diabetes epidemic is associated with significant personal and socio-economic consequences. Despite attempts to prevent the complications of diabetes, this disease is still the leading cause of blindness, chronic renal insufficiency and non-traumatic amputation. It is important to detect early on an increase in blood sugar and treat it accordingly to reduce costs and to minimize the personal suffering of those affected. As the number of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus continues to rise, the number of young women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) also increases. This is a disorder og glucose metabolism, which occurs for the first time in pregnancy. The causes for this are manifold. Among other causes, the increasing age of the mothers and weight gain during pregnancy are risk factors for gestational diabetes. Although it has been recommended that women with gestational diabetes should be re-examined after the birth of their child, many women have not. The study is a follow-up study to clarify whether insulin secretion disorder in women with and after GDM is a risk factor for the occurrence of type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Study Type
OBSERVATIONAL
Enrollment
800
University Hospital Tuebingen
Tübingen, Germany
RECRUITINGGlucose tolerance during 75 g oral glucose tolerance test
Glucose tolerance, insulin sensitivity and insulin secretion during oral glucose tolerance test
Time frame: Glycemia from start of glucose tolerance test (0 minutes) until the end (120 minutes)
Glucose tolerance during 75 g oral glucose tolerance test 1, 2, 5, 10 years postpartum
Glucose tolerance during oral glucose tolerance test
Time frame: Glycemia from start of glucose tolerance test (0 minutes) until the end (120 minutes)
Body fat distribution
Measurement of body fat distribution by MRS
Time frame: Once during pregnancy and 1, 2, 5, and 10 years postpartum
Spiroergometry to assess physical fitness
Measurement of VO2max (l/min/kg) as a proxy for physical fitness
Time frame: 1, 2, 5, and 10 years postpartum
BIA (bioimpedance analysis)
BIA to estimate body fat (%)
Time frame: Once during pregnancy and 1, 2, 5, and 10 years postpartum
BMI
Measurement of weight (kg) and height (m) and given as kg/m\^2
Time frame: Once during pregnancy and 1, 2, 5, and 10 years postpartum
Assessment of cognitive abilities in offspring
Cognitive skills represented as an intelligence quotient will be assessed Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children - Fifth Edition (WISC-V)
Time frame: 6 and 10 years postpartum
Assessment of cognitive, motoric and language development in offspring
Cognitive, motoric and language development of children will be assessed with the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development - Third Edition (Bayley-III)
Time frame: 2 years postpartum
BIA in offspring
BIA to estimate body composition in offspring
Time frame: 2, 6 and 10 years postpartum
Electrocardiogram
10 minute ECG to assess RR distance for calculation of heart rate variability (R wave distance in ms)
Time frame: 2, 6 and 10 years postpartum
blood sample
blood sample to assess HbA1C
Time frame: 6 and 10 years postpartum
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