The aim of the present study is compare the frequently used pain and disability assessment questionnaires before and after 5 sessions of standard treatment for patients admitted to the Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation outpatient clinic for plantar fasciitis and who were queued to receive extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) treatment.
The study was designed as prospective observational research. Between December 2019 and May 2020, 90 patients who were admitted to the Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation outpatient clinic for ESWT were planned to be included in the study. Pre-treatment pain values of patients with 3 different examination methods (visual analog scale, numerical pain scale and heel sensitivity index), 3 different disability index Foot function index, Foot and Ankle Outcome Score, The American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) Ankle-Hindfoot Score will be used. These methods will be evaluated before and after ESWT treatment and the responsiveness and minimal clinically important difference of the questionnaires will be compared.
Study Type
OBSERVATIONAL
Enrollment
90
Gaziosmanpasa Training and Research Hospital
Istanbul, Turkey (Türkiye)
RECRUITINGVisual Analog Scale
Pain severity assessment on a line from 0 to 10 points. As "0" means no pain and "10" points is the worst pain ever.
Time frame: 15 days
Numeric Rating Scale
11 points scale as 0 means no pain and 10 points means worst pain ever.
Time frame: 15 days
Heel Tenderness Index
0-3 points according to the palpation of the heel. "0" means no pain, "1" = painful, "2" = painful and winces and "3"= painful,winces and withdraws.
Time frame: 15 days
Foot Function Index
A Foot Function Index was developed in 1991 to measure the impact of foot pathology on function in terms of pain, disability and activity restriction. It is a self-administered index consisting of 23 items divided into 3 sub-scales. Both total and sub-scale scores are produced. The patient has to score each question on a scale from 0 (no pain or difficulty) to 10 (worst pain imaginable or so difficult it requires help), that best describes their foot over the past week. Higher scores show higher disability and worst outcomes.
Time frame: 15 days
Foot and Ankle Outcome Score
The Foot and Ankle Outcome Score is an adaption of Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score that assesses patient pain (9 items), other symptoms (7 items), function in daily living (17 items), function in sport and recreation (5 items), and foot/ankle related quality of life (4 items). Scores range from 0 to 100 with a score of 0 indicating the worst possible foot/ankle symptoms and 100 indicating no foot/ankle symptoms.
Time frame: 15 days
American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society Ankle-Hindfoot Score
The questionnaire includes nine items that can be divided into three subscales (pain, function and alignment). Each of the nine items is scored, accumulating to a total score ranging from 0 points (indicating severe pain and impairment) to 100 points (no symptoms or impairment).
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Time frame: 15 days