TMS in Preclinical and Prodromal AD: Modulation of Brain Networks and Memory

Inclusion Criteria: 1. Between the ages of 60-85 2. All participants will be native English speakers 3. Willing and able to consent to the protocol and undergo imaging and neuropsychological testing at the specified time points 4. Participants with aMCI will be asked to bring a study partner to all visits 5. Only patients with very mild or mild cognitive impairment (CDR 0.5 or CDR 1) will be included in the prodromal AD cohort Exclusion Criteria: 1. History of head trauma involving loss of consciousness or alteration in consciousness 2. Another major neurologic or psychiatric condition 3. Known presence of a structural brain lesion (e.g. tumor, cortical infarct) 4. Any contraindication to MRI, such as presence of pacemakers, aneurysm clips, artificial heart valves, ear implants, metal fragments, or foreign objects in the eyes, skin, or body 5. Longstanding premorbid history (i.e. longer than 10 years) of alcohol or substance abuse with continuous abuse up to and including the time that the symptoms leading to clinical presentation developed 6. Any significant systemic illness or unstable medical condition which could lead to difficulty complying with the study protocol. 7. Unwilling to return for follow-up, undergo neuropsychological testing, TMS, and MR imaging