The overall aim of this research is to investigate the acute effects of resistance exercise (REx) on the hormonal and behavioral indices of energy balance regulation in breast cancer survivors. This pilot study is designed to provide preliminary data to support future exercise interventions with more comprehensive energy balance profiling.
After screening, eligible and consented participants will complete baseline evaluations of REE, body composition, and subjective questionnaires to assess energy balance. Eligible and interested individuals will attend an exercise familiarization session in the two weeks before the initial study visit. Individuals will then be randomized to either sedentary control/REx or REx/sedentary control in a 1:1. A washout period of approximately 7-14 days will separate testing sessions. A randomized cross-over short-term study design was chosen to assessment to profile appetite, energy intake, and physical activity in controlled and free-living settings while also reducing participant burden (as opposed to a long-term intervention). Participants will serve as their own controls, thereby circumventing inter-individual variation in physiology that may confound results. It is anticipated that responses to acute exercise will be amplified in chronic interventions and may therefore be used as a basis for generating hypotheses on the regulation of certain energy balance components. The study will end after the completion of 3 days of dietary intake recall and physical activity measurement for the last participant.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
SUPPORTIVE_CARE
Masking
NONE
Enrollment
21
REx condition: Participants will complete a whole-body REx workout consisting of 1-set to failure (e.g. RPE of 9-10 on 10-point scale on final reps) on 12 exercises in the Exercise Research Laboratory (located in the CTRC), with a 3-minute rest between exercises. Participants will complete the following exercises: leg press; leg extension; leg curl; hip abduction; hip adduction; chest press; overhead press; seated row; overheard pulldowns and assisted triceps dips on Cybex resistance equipment; barbell calf raises on a Smith machine; and dumbbell biceps curls. Resistance for the REx trial will be determined based on the exercise familiarization session. Specifically, we will target a resistance level needed for each participant to complete \~12-15 repetitions per exercise, using proper form, with an RPE of 9-10 on a 10-point scale on final reps. This protocol eliminates the need for max testing in order to set an exercise protocol off of a specific intensity based on % of 1RM.
Sedentary control condition: Participants will sit quietly in a seated position for the entire duration of this condition.
Univeristy of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus
Aurora, Colorado, United States
University of Colorado Cancer Center
Denver, Colorado, United States
Ghrelin area under the curve (AUC) in response to exercise or control
Ghrelin will be collected through serial IV collection. Each serum sample will be stored at -80C until analysis Radioimmunoassays will be used to determine serum total ghrelin (Milliipore). Total AUC will be calculated with the Trapezoid method, using all time points over the three hours following the control meal.
Time frame: 2 years
Peptide-YY (PYY) area under the curve (AUC) in response to exercise or control
PYY will be collected through serial IV collection. Each serum sample will be stored at -80C until analysis Radioimmunoassays will be used to determine PYY (Millipore). Total AUC will be calculated with the Trapezoid method58, using all time points over the three hours following the control meal.
Time frame: 2 years
Subjective ratings of hunger in response to exercise or control
Appetite Ratings will be completed using 100 mm visual analogue scale (VAS) questions (hunger, fullness, and desire to eat) at time points described above. Total AUC will be calculated using the Trapezoid method.
Time frame: 2 years
Subjective ratings of food-related cravings in response to exercise or control
Subjects will rate 'food appeal', 'food pleasantness', and 'desire to eat' of validated hedonic and non-hedonic food items using the ImageRate software with 0-100mm VAS scales.
Time frame: 2 years
Subjective ratings of appeal/desire for hedonic foods in response to exercise or control
Subjects will rate 'food appeal', 'food pleasantness', and 'desire to eat' of validated hedonic and non-hedonic food items using the ImageRate software with 0-100mm VAS scales.
Time frame: 2 years
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Subjective ratings of satiety in response to exercise or control
Appetite Ratings will be completed using 100 mm visual analogue scale (VAS) questions (hunger, fullness, and desire to eat) at time points described above. Total AUC will be calculated using the Trapezoid method.
Time frame: 2 years
Ad libitum absolute and relative energy intake (EI)
Acute ad libitum EI will be measured during the buffet lunch via the weight and measure method by the dietary staff at the CTRC to measure energy and macronutrient intake following the REx and control conditions. The buffet lunch will consist of 15% more food than predicted requirements and the option to get more food as desired.
Time frame: 2 years
Free-living energy intake (EI) for three days following each study day
Acute ad libitum EI will be measured during the buffet lunch via the weight and measure method by the dietary staff at the CTRC to measure energy and macronutrient intake following the REx and control conditions. The buffet lunch will consist of 15% more food than predicted requirements and the option to get more food as desired.
Time frame: 2 years
Free-living physical activity for three days following each study day
Activity and sedentary behaviors will be measured with ActivPAL accelerometers for 3 days after each study visit
Time frame: 2 years
Total step count for three days following each study day
Activity and sedentary behaviors will be measured with ActivPAL accelerometers for 3 days after each study visit
Time frame: 2 years
Sedentary time for three days following each study day
Activity and sedentary behaviors will be measured with ActivPAL accelerometers for 3 days after each study visit
Time frame: 2 years