The quality of life (QoL) of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a measure of the successful outcomes of therapy. The program of management of chronic diseases "Program Pengelolaan Penyakit Kronis" (Prolanis) among patients with hypertension and T2DM is a new strategy of the Badan Penyelenggara Jaminan Sosial (BPJS), which is the Indonesian national health insurance system. The impact of pharmacist counseling interventions on health-related QoL (HRQoL) was analyzed in Prolanis T2DM patients.
A cluster randomized controlled trial that was designed to include two groups (control (n = 111) and intervention (n = 109) groups), and pre- and post-test procedures were conducted. The participants were Prolanis T2DM patients who attended four primary health-care centers (Puskesmas) in Makassar City, South Sulawesi, Indonesia from August 2017 to August 2018. The intervention group received systematic counseling for 6 months. The data were collected using the Bahasa Indonesia version of the European Quality of Life 5 Dimensions 5 Levels (EQ-5D-5L) questionnaire and were analyzed using EQ-5D preference weight for each health state with the Indonesian EQ-5D-5L value Set. Furthermore, the EQ-5D index and the EQ-5D VAS score were calculated and HbA1c levels were assessed.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
SUPPORTIVE_CARE
Masking
SINGLE
Enrollment
220
We used the counseling module (in the form of a guide book) for pharmacist-based counseling that had been validated regarding constructive content by an endocrinologist and a pharmacist expert in diabetes drug counseling. The module explained the T2DM causes and symptoms, the reasons for the importance of therapy, the non-pharmacological and pharmacological therapies available (drug names, strengths, indications, rules of use, side effects, interactions, and storage), the purpose of controlling blood sugar levels, medications that need to be avoided, and guidelines for missed doses. The pharmacists should explain all the content within the module in 15 minutes to each patient of the intervention group each month for 6 months. As an ethical consideration, the control group patients were given the same explanation module through pharmacist counseling after the study finished.
Puskesmas Antang
Makassar, South Sulawesi, Indonesia
Puskesmas Batua
Makassar, South Sulawesi, Indonesia
Puskesmas Jongaya
Makassar, South Sulawesi, Indonesia
Puskesmas Tamalanrea
Makassar, South Sulawesi, Indonesia
Measurement of Quality of Life (QoL) using the Euro Quality of Life 5 Dimension 5 Level (EQ-5D-5L) questionnaire
The QoL of Prolanis T2DM patients was measured using the Euro Quality of Life 5 Dimension 5 Level (EQ-5D-5L) questionnaire. The EQ-5D-5L questionnaire consists of two parts: a descriptive system and a Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). The descriptive system describes the health state and consists of five dimensions: mobility, self-care, usual activities, pain/discomfort, and anxiety/depression. Patients who reported problems were then categorized into two categories, a "has no problem" category (health state code of 1) and "has problem" category (health state code of 2-5) for each level of each dimension. The second part of the EQ-5D-5L questionnaire is the EQ-VAS, which is a thermometer-like scale (ranging from 0 to 100) that reflects the patient's health in general. EQ-VAS represents the patient perspective, where zero indicates the worst imaginable health state and 100 reflects the best imaginable health state.
Time frame: 6 months
Measurement of HbA1c
Measurement of HbA1c was done over a period of 2-4 months. In addition, HbA1c was also be considered compatible with therapy.
Time frame: 6 months
This platform is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional.