Laser-assisted Flapless Corticotomy in Accelerating Canine Retraction

Damascus University18 enrolled

Overview

Erbium lasers have been suggested to accomplish corticotomy without flap reflection due to their attractive advantages. The current trial aimed to evaluate the efficacy of laser-assisted flapless corticotomy in accelerating orthodontic tooth movement. The secondary aim was to evaluate the patients' responses to laser application. It was postulated that canine retraction after laser-assisted flapless corticotomy would be accomplished within a shorter period compared with the conventional canine retraction method, with no significant degree of pain and discomfort.

Comprehensive orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances usually takes more than 18 months in mild and severe cases. Prolonged treatment time can cause many adverse effects such as pain, discomfort, external root resorption, white spots and dental caries. Decreasing the treatment time for tooth movement has been the focus of both the clinicians and the patients. For the last few decades, investigators have recommended many treatment approaches intending to reduce overall treatment time such as low friction and self-ligating bracket systems, low-level laser irradiation, electrical currents, pharmacological approaches, local platelet-rich plasma (PRP) injection and surgical approaches like dentoalveolar distraction and selective alveolar decortication or corticotomy

Study Type

INTERVENTIONAL

Allocation

RANDOMIZED

Purpose

TREATMENT

Masking

SINGLE

Enrollment

Conditions

Class II Division 1 Malocclusion

Eligibility

Sex: ALLMin age: 16 YearsMax age: 26 Years

Medical Language ↔ Plain English

Inclusion Criteria: * Class II division 1 patients requiring orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances and a need for upper first-premolar extraction using a two-step retraction technique. * Permanent dentition with an age range from 16 to 24 years. * Healthy with no systemic conditions. * Adequate oral hygiene and healthy periodontal tissues * no previous orthodontic treatment * Absence of canine endodontic treatment. Exclusion Criteria: * Bimaxillary dentoalveolar severe protrusion. * Previous orthodontic treatment. * Subject with psychological abnormalities. * Subject with systemic diseases.

Outcomes

Primary Outcomes

Change in the canine retraction rate

The distance between the first molar labial hook and the canine bracket hook was recorded using Digital Boely gauge and then this distance was divided by the time that passed between two assessment points.

Time frame: 10 minutes after laser application, one, two, four, 8 and 12 weeks after laser application

Secondary Outcomes

Change in the levels of pain and discomfort

A questionnaire was administered at the 1st, 3rd, 5th and 7th day after laser application. The questionnaire contained 5 questions (using 4-point Likert ordinal scales) to collect patients' responses on the following questions: Question 1: Do you feel pain during eating? Question 2: Do you feel pain during the day? Question 3: Do you feel pain that can awaken you during the night? Question 4: Do you feel swollen on the surgical side? The possible answers were: 1\. No 2.Mild 3.Moderate 4. Severe For the first four questions, the higher the score, the worse the feeling was. Question 5: Which one of the following has caused more discomfort to you? 1\. Extraction of premolars 2. Laser application 3.Both

Time frame: at the 1st day following laser application (10 minutes) and at the 3rd, 5th and 7th days following laser application