Efficacy and Safety of Intravenous Phenobarbital in Neonatal Seizures

Inclusion Criteria: * Male or female neonates with a gestational age of ≥ 34 - ≤44 weeks admitted into the NICU with a high probability of developing seizures (e.g., HIE, stroke, intracerebral hemorrhage, central nervous system infection) * Parental informed consent (in-person or remote consent) * Undergoing continuous video electroencephalogram (cvEEG) monitoring * Has evidence of electrographic seizure burden of at least 30 seconds/h Exclusion Criteria: * Received anticonvulsant treatment, including phenobarbital, prior to randomization (with exception of lorazepam administered for sedation \> 24 hours before enrollment) * Strong suspicion or confirmed diagnosis of brain malformation, inborn error of metabolism genetic syndrome, or major congenial malformation prior to randomization * Seizures responding to correction of hypoglycemia, hypocalcemia or any other metabolic disorder * Death appears to be imminent as assessed by the NICU attending physician * Is currently enrolled in another study assessing the same and/or similar primary/secondary endpoints with/without drug treatment.