In the proposed study, a bilateral erector spinae plane (ESP) block \[10 ml 1%lidocaine + 10 ml 0.5 % bupivacaine vs normal saline (NS)\] will be performed preoperatively to patients undergoing open radical prostatectomy. Analgesic efficacy will be assessed on the numeric rating scale (NRS) along with intra- and 24 h post-operative narcotic consumption.
It has been reported that the ESP block produces effective postoperative analgesia for abdominal surgeries by relieving both somatic and visceral pain. In the present study, the investigators presume that an ESP block will decrease narcotic consumption and NRS values both intraoperatively and during the first 24 postoperative hours. Patients will be divided into two groups: Group LB (Lidocaine-Bupivacaine): A bilateral ESP block will be performed preoperatively (10 ml 1%lidocaine + 10 ml 0.5% bupivacaine). In addition, IV morphine patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) will be applied postoperatively for 24 hours. Group S: A bilateral ESP block will be performed preoperatively (20 ml NS).In addition, IV morphine-PCA will be applied postoperatively for 24 hours.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
SUPPORTIVE_CARE
Masking
DOUBLE
Enrollment
52
With the patient in the sitting position, 20 ml normal saline will be administered between the T11 spinous process and the erector spinae muscles with the guidance of an ultrasound probe placed on a parasagittal plane. Intraoperative analgesia: after anesthesia induction, paracetamol 1 gr intravenous (IV)+ tenoxicam 20 mg IV + morphine 0.05 mg/kg IV (max 4 mg). Postoperative analgesia: IV morphine patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) of 0.5 mg/ml morphine (demand dose 1 mg; lockout interval 8 m; 6 mg/h limit).
With the patient in the sitting position, 10 ml 1% lidocaine + 10 ml 0.5% bupivacaine will be administered between the T11 spinous process and the erector spinae muscles with the guidance of an ultrasound probe placed on a parasagittal plane. Intraoperative analgesia: After anesthesia induction, paracetamol 1 gr IV + tenoxicam 20 mg IV + morphine 0.05 mg/kg IV (max 4 mg). Postoperative analgesia: IV PCA of 0.5 mg/ml morphine (demand dose 1 mg; lockout interval 8 m; 6 mg/h limit).
Ondokuz Mayis University
Samsun, Atakum, Turkey (Türkiye)
Narcotic consumption in the first 24 hours after surgery
Morphine consumption in the first 24 hours will be measured by IV PCA. Patients will be able to request opioids via a PCA device when their NRS score is above 3.
Time frame: Postoperative day 1
Postoperative pain: NRS score
Pain status at rest and while coughing will be assessed by NRS score at 1, 3, 6, 12, 18, and 24 hours after surgery. In addition, the time until first analgesic requirement will be recorded.The NRS is an 11-point numeric scale which ranges from 0 to 10.
Time frame: Postoperative day 1
Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV)
The patients will be verbally evaluated according to a descriptive five-point PONV scale. If a score of 3 or more is registered, ondansetron 4 mg IV will be administered and repeated after 8 hours if required.The PONV scale is 0 = no nausea; 1 = slight nausea; 2 = moderate nausea; 3 = vomiting once;and 4 = vomiting more than once
Time frame: Postoperative day 1
Intraoperative remifentanil consumption
Following anesthesia induction, a bispectral index (BIS) of 40 to 50 will be maintained with sevoflurane. When the BIS measures 40-50, the remifentanil infusion rate will be adjusted to consider ±20% blood pressure changes compared to baseline values.The total amount of remifentanil consumed will be recorded.
Time frame: Postoperative day 1
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Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) pain score will be recorded from 15th minute in recovery room followed by 1.-3.-6.-12.-18.-24.hours with two different conditions which are at rest and while couching.If NRS score becomes ≥4 Dexketoprofen 50 mg will be administered (max 4 times).