The duration of orthodontic treatment is one of the exacerbation causes of orthodontic pain. Several methods have been suggested to reduce the duration of orthodontic treatment classified to surgical and non-surgical methods. Researches used minimally invasive surgical methods like corticision, piezocesion, micro-osteoperforation, and piezo-puncture indicated that most of these methods can accelerate dental movement by 20 - 40% without causing additional pain as a result of using those methods. Applying corticision on the lower anterior teeth using a surgical blade and a hammer may accelerate tooth alignment during orthodontic treatment. This study consists of two groups, patients will be randomly assigned to one of these two groups.
Pain is defined as an unpleasant emotional sensory experience associated with actual or potential harm. It was mentioned as one of the most common complaints related to orthodontic treatment, and around 65-95% of patients undergoing orthodontic treatment suffer from various degrees of pain. Corticision is one of the minimally invasive surgical procedures that is not associated with flap lifting. It was used to accelerate tooth movement in animals and case report studies. Its application on humans may aggravate their fear and anxiety towards the pain that may accompany this technique. No study in the literature has been searched in patient perception of pain, discomfort, levels of acceptance and satisfaction accompanied corticision application, but in this study, these previous variables accompanied corticision technique have been studied on crowded lower anterior teeth cases which are one of the most common types of malocclusion.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
SINGLE
Enrollment
26
Surgical intervention is going to be used in the interdental areas between the lower anterior teeth to accelerate tooth movement. Three incisions are going to be made
No surgical intervention will be used, just normal orthodontic sequence of procedures.
Orthodontic Department, University of Damascus Dental School
Damascus, Syria
Change in the Perception of Pain
Pain is assessed by asking the study participant to place a mark on a horizontal 100 mm line to indicate the level of pain being experienced. The left end of the line refers to no pain (VAS=0) where the right end refers to maximum (unimaginable) pain (VAS=100). The level of pain is represented in the number of millimeters measured from the left end of the line to the mark pointed out by the patient. This is called the Visual Analogue Score (VAS) where the higher the number is the more intense the pain.
Time frame: At 24 hours following the onset of treatment (bonding of the appliance), then at 7 days, 14 days following the onset of orthodontic treatment
Change in the Perception of Discomfort
Discomfort is assessed by asking the study participant to place a mark on a horizontal 100 mm line to indicate the level of discomfort being experienced. The left end of the line refers to no discomfort (VAS=0) where the right end refers to maximum discomfort (VAS=100). The level of discomfort is represented in the number of millimeters measured from the left end of the line to the mark pointed out by the patient. This is called the Visual Analogue Score (VAS) where the higher the number is the more intense the discomfort.
Time frame: At 24 hours following the onset of treatment (bonding of the appliance), then at 7 days, 14 days following the onset of orthodontic treatment
Change in the Perception of Swelling
Swelling is assessed by asking the study participant to place a mark on a horizontal 100 mm line to indicate the level of swelling being experienced. The left end of the line refers to no swelling (VAS=0) where the right end refers to maximum swelling (VAS=100). The level of swelling is represented in the number of millimeters measured from the left end of the line to the mark pointed out by the patient. This is called the Visual Analogue Score (VAS) where the higher the number is the more intense the swelling
Time frame: At 24 hours following the onset of treatment (bonding of the appliance), then at 7 days, 14 days following the onset of orthodontic treatment
Change in the Levels of Difficulties in Mastication
Difficulties of mastication are assessed by asking the study participant to place a mark on a horizontal 100 mm line to indicate the level of difficulties in mastication being experienced. The left end of the line refers to no difficulties (VAS=0) where the right end refers to maximum difficulties (VAS=100). The level of difficulties in mastication is represented in the number of millimeters measured from the left end of the line to the mark pointed out by the patient. This is called the Visual Analogue Score (VAS) where the higher the number is the more intense the difficulties of mastication.
Time frame: At 24 hours following the onset of treatment (bonding of the appliance), then at 7 days, 14 days following the onset of orthodontic treatment
Analgesic Consumption
Patients in both groups were asked about taking analgesics and their quantity (mg) They answered about taking analgesics using a two-point scale (1. Yes or 2. No), and their quantity by mentioning how many tablets they took.
Time frame: The 7th day following the onset of treatment (i.e. at the second visit of the patients following his orthodontic appliance bonding; one-time assessment)
Patients' satisfaction
Satisfaction is assessed for both groups by asking the study participant to place a mark on a horizontal 100 mm line to indicate the level of satisfaction. The left end of the line refers to no satisfaction (VAS=0) where the right end refers to maximum satisfaction (VAS=100). The level of satisfaction is represented in the number of millimeters measured from the left end of the line to the mark pointed out by the patient. This is called the Visual Analogue Score (VAS) where the higher the number is the more intense the satisfaction.
Time frame: At the end of leveling and alignment which is expected to occur within 4 to 6 months
Ease of the procedure
Procedure's easiness is assessed for both groups by asking the study participant to place a mark on a horizontal 100 mm line to indicate the level of ease. The left end of the line refers to no ease (VAS=0) where the right end refers to maximum ease (VAS=100). The grade of ease is represented in the number of millimeters measured from the left end of the line to the mark pointed out by the patient. This is called the Visual Analogue Score (VAS) where the higher the number is the more intense the ease of the procedure.
Time frame: At the end of leveling and alignment which is expected to occur within 4 to 6 months
The possibility of repeating the procedure
Patients in the corticision group will be asked about the possibility of repeating the procedure if they had the chance to give their decision again. The answer will be collected using a two-point scale (1. Yes or 2. No).
Time frame: At the end of leveling and alignment which is expected to occur within 4 to 6 months
Recommendation to a friend
Patients in the corticision group will be asked about if they would recommend this procedure to a friend. The answer will be collected using a two-point scale (1. Yes or 2. No).
Time frame: At the end of leveling and alignment which is expected to occur within 4 to 6 months
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