Glucagon-like Peptide-1 in Type 1 Diabetes

Inclusion Criteria: * 40 (20 males, 20 females) individuals with type 1 diabetes aged 18-50 yr. * HbA1c \< 11.0% * Body mass index \< 40kg • m-2 * No clinically diagnosed diabetic tissue complications (i.e. history of retinopathy, neuropathy, stasis ulcers, etc) Exclusion Criteria: * Subjects unable to give voluntary informed consent * Pregnancy * Subjects on anticoagulant drugs, anemic or with known bleeding diatheses * Subjects taking any of the following medications will be excluded: non-selective beta blockers, * sedative-hypnotics, anticonvulsants, antiparkinsonian drugs, antipsychotics, antidepressants, * mood stabilizers, CNS stimulants, opioids, hallucinogens * Subjects unwillingness or inability to comply with approved contraception measures * Subjects with a history of severe uncontrolled hypertension (i.e., blood pressure greater than 160/100), heart disease, cerebrovascular incidents * Clinically significant cardiac abnormalities (e.g. heart failure, arrhythmias, ischemic tachycardia, S-T segment deviations, etc.) from history or from cardiac stress testing in subjects ≥ 40 years old. * Pneumonia * Hepatic failure /jaundice * Abnormal results following screening tests and physical examination that are clinically significant * Acute cerebrovascular/ neurological deficit * Fever greater than 38.0 C * Screening Laboratory Tests Exclusion Criteria * Hematocrit lower than 32 * WBC lower than 3 thou/ul or greater than 14 thou/ul * Liver function tests: SGOT and SGPT greater than twice upper limit of normal range (i.e. \> 80 U/L) * TBil \> 2 mg/dl * Creatinine \> 1.6 mg/dl * Alkaline phosphatase \> 150U/L * Hepatic transaminase \> 2x normal