The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of an 8-week high-intensity interval training (HIIT) or HIIT plus resistance training program combined with post-exercise protein supplementation on cardiorespiratory fitness and cardiometabolic risk indices in previously untrained individuals.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
PREVENTION
Masking
DOUBLE
Enrollment
100
8-week supervised exercise program consisting of high-intensity interval training (HIIT). HIIT: 10x1 min at 85-95% HRmax divided by low intensity recovery periods. Three exercise sessions per week. Participants receive 40 g of a commercially available protein supplement administered as a shake after every exercise session.
8-week supervised exercise program consisting of high-intensity interval training (HIIT). HIIT: 10x1 min at 85-95% HRmax divided by low intensity recovery periods. Three exercise sessions per week. Participants receive 40 g of a commercially available iso-caloric placebo (Maltodextrin) administered as a shake after every exercise session.
Department of Medicine 1, Hector Center for Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg
Erlangen, Germany
RECRUITINGCardiorespiratory Fitness (CRF)
CRF will be assessed by measuring maximum oxygen uptake (VO2max)
Time frame: 8 weeks
Muscle strength (only in groups with resistance training)
Maximum strength (Fmax) of the major muscle groups (chest, upper back, lower back, abdominals and legs) will be estimated through submaximal tests, based on the performance of multiple repetitions.
Time frame: 8 weeks
Cardiometabolic Risk Score (MetS-Z-Score)
MetS-Z-Score will be calculated from each individual's measures of waist circumference (cm), mean arterial blood pressure (mmHg), Glucose (mg/dL), triglycerides (mg/dL), and HDL-cholesterol (mg/dL), based on equations specific to sex.
Time frame: 8 weeks
Muscle mass
Muscle mass (kg) will be measured by Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA)
Time frame: 8 weeks
Fat mass
Fat mass (kg) will be measured by Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA)
Time frame: 8 weeks
Insulin sensitivity
Insulin sensitivity will be estimated using homeostasis model assessment index (HOMA)
Time frame: 8 weeks
Inflammation status
Inflammation status will be assessed by measuring blood levels (mg/L) of c-reactive protein (CRP) and high-sensitivity c-reactive protein (hs-CRP)
Time frame: 8 weeks
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8-week supervised exercise program consisting of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and resistance training (RST). HIIT: 5x1 min at 85-95% HRmax divided by low intensity recovery periods. RST: 3-set resistance training using weight machines to train all major muscle groups with an individual intensity corresponding to 70-80% of one repetition maximum. Two exercise sessions per week. Participants receive 40 g of a commercially available protein supplement administered as a shake after every exercise session.
8-week supervised exercise program consisting of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and resistance training (RST). HIIT: 5x1 min at 85-95% HRmax divided by low intensity recovery periods. RST: 3-set resistance training using weight machines to train all major muscle groups with an individual intensity corresponding to 70-80% of one repetition maximum. Two exercise sessions per week. Participants receive 40 g of a commercially available iso-caloric placebo (Maltodextrin) administered as a shake after every exercise session.
Health-related quality of life
Health-related quality of life will be assessed by using the standardized and validated EQ-5D-5L Questionnaire, consisting of 2 pages: the EQ-5D descriptive system and the EQ visual analogue scale (EQ VAS). The descriptive system comprises five dimensions: mobility, self-care, usual activities, pain/discomfort and anxiety/depression. Each dimension has 5 levels: no problems, slight problems, moderate problems, severe problems and extreme problems. The patient ticks the box next to the most appropriate statement in each dimension (scale: 1-5; lower value = better outcome). The digits for the 5 dimensions can be combined into a 5-digit number that describes the patient's health state.The EQ VAS records the patient's self-rated health on a vertical visual analogue scale (0-100, higher value = better outcome).
Time frame: 8 weeks