The aim of this randomized controlled trial study was to assess the effects of an 4-week exercise program on the recovery capacity after a voluntary maximal apnea. Participants will be randomly allocated to perform an experimental breathing protocol (NR-HB), or an usual training using their usual breathing (UB) protocol.
It is a multi-center study. 2 different Spanish Freedivers Centres are included in the study (Madrid and Zaragoza). Divers were randomly assigned to receive an experimental training (NR-HB) or to be included in the Control Group (UB). The trial included two study visits. Each exercise training program will be applied sessions per week during 4 weeks. Participants received baseline assessments at the beginning of any intervention, and post-intervention assessments at the end of the fourth week.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
SINGLE
Enrollment
46
Participants will perform 3 days per week of usual training, involving intense exercise 8 submaximes-dynamic apnoeas with 3-minute recovery between each one per session, and continuous training of free style swimming at moderate effort over 30 minutes, including warm-up, recovery between intervals and cool down. The experimental breathing protocol consisted on to remove nose-clip previous to surface and then perform hook breathing during 20 seconds.
Participants will perform 3 days per week of usual training, involving intense exercise 8 submaximes-dynamic apnoeas with 3-minute recovery between each one per session, and continuous training of free style swimming at moderate effort over 30 minutes, including warm-up, recovery between intervals and cool down.
Madrid FREEDIVERS association
Madrid, Spain
Oxygen Saturation change
Oxygen Saturation recovery will be record by the experimenters every 5 seconds by a handheld pulse-oximeter during the 1 min recovery time after a maximal dynamic apnea. The outcome was the length of the time to return to 95% SpO2 during the 1 min recovery time after maximal dynamic apnoea
Time frame: Before and after training intervention (after 4 weeks)
Heart Rate recovery
Heart Rate will be record by the experimenters every 5 seconds by a handheld pulse-oximeter during the 1 min recovery time after a maximal dynamic apnea. The outcome was the length of the time to stabilize heart rate during these 1 minute.
Time frame: before and after training intervention (after 4 weeks)
Lung function (forced spirometry)
The Spirometry will be perform according to American Thoracic Society criteria and was measured in litres. The maneuver will be perform 3 times and recording the best one.
Time frame: before and after training intervention (after 4 weeks)
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