To test the hypothesis that increased mother-infant physical contact affects the likelihood of mothers exclusively breastfeeding their child for the first six months of life, the investigators will randomly assign half of the participating mothers to receive a baby carrier to use with their baby (to facilitate increased physical contact) while the other half of babies and mothers will receive standard care.
One hundred mothers participating in the California Border Healthy Start (CBHS) program will be randomly assigned to the physical contact group or the control group. Mothers in the physical contact group will be provided with an infant carrier to use from birth to facilitate increased mother-infant physical contact. In the control group, mothers will be provided with an infant carrier, but will not receive the carrier until postpartum week 24, once study measures have been collected. This type of multiple-baseline design will allow the investigators to objectively assess the effect of physical contact during the first six months, but will also ensure that mothers in both groups have the opportunity to benefit from the potentially positive intervention of a high quality infant carrier to promote increased mother-infant physical contact. The two groups will be compared on: 1) likelihood of exclusive breastfeeding, 2) extent of breastfeeding exclusivity (proportion of feeds that are breastmilk versus formula or other), 3) likelihood of initiating feeding in response to hunger cues versus crying (i.e., maternal responsiveness during feeding), 4) maternal score on the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS), 5) prevalence of breastfeeding difficulties, 6) score on the Mother-Infant Bonding Scale, and 7) beliefs about breastfeeding and infant care.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
BASIC_SCIENCE
Masking
NONE
Enrollment
101
Increase mother-infant physical contact through babywearing
Project Concern International
San Diego, California, United States
Proportion of infant feeds coming from breastmilk versus formula
Self-report feeding log
Time frame: Postpartum Week 24
Score on Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS)
Standardized self-report questionnaire with a possible score from 0-30, with a higher score indicating increased depressive symptoms
Time frame: Postpartum Week 6
Score on the Mother-Infant Bonding Questionnaire
Standardized self-report questionnaire with a possible score from 0-30, with a higher score indicating increased problems with bonding
Time frame: Postpartum Week 24
Score on the Proximal Care Beliefs Questionnaire
Standardized self-report questionnaire with a possible score from 6-30, with a higher score indicating increased alignment with the caretaking practices of proximal care culture
Time frame: Postpartum Week 12
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