Finding Out if COVID-19 Infection Can be pREdicted by ChAnges in Smell and/or Taste

University College, London569 enrolled

Overview

The FORECAST Study is an observational cohort study looking at two cohorts of patients presenting with COVID-19: a general public cohort, aiming to investigate if new loss or reduced sense of smell and/or taste are early signs of COVID-19 and a hospital cohort, which will investigate if taste/smell changes can predict the clinical course of a COVID-19 infection. The main of objective of this study is to investigate whether loss/or reduced sense of smell and/or taste in the absence of fever and/or persistent cough are indicative of Coronavirus Infectious disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection. In addition, the study aims to investigate whether loss/or reduced sense of smell and/or taste precede the development of fever and persistent cough in people with COVID-19 infection and also whether loss of/reduced sense of smell and/or taste changes can be used to predict the clinical course of the disease. General public FORECAST: Participants over the age of 18 will be sent a text message invite through participating GP practices' patient messaging systems. This will direct participants to a website (hosted by Dendrite Clinical Systems) where study subjects will find the participant information sheet, screening checks and consent form. Enrolled participants will complete an online questionnaire containing questions about smell and taste changes, as well as other symptoms of COVID-19. Participants will then be sent a near-patient rapid antibody test kit for COVID-19 to be undertaken only under medical supervision. Participants will be booked for a video conference appointment with either a doctor or nurse and the screening test will be performed under medical supervision. The outcome of the test will be documented, discussed with the patient and appropriate advice given. Four weeks after completing the first questionnaire participant will be sent an email and / or text message asking them to complete a second questionnaire. This second questionnaire will contain questions about resolution of smell/taste symptoms and other symptoms of COVID-19. In case COVID-19 positive patients are subsequently admitted to hospital as a result of COVID-19, consent will be obtained to collect information on the outcome of the admission from discharge letter via GP. The data obtained will be analysed to determine if smell/taste symptoms alone are indicative of COVID-19 infection, whether smell/taste symptoms are early symptoms fo COVID-19 infection and whether smell/taste changes can be used to predict the clinical course of COVID-19 disease. Hospital FORECAST: clinical records of patients admitted to University College London Hospital (UCLH) and the Whittington Hospital as a result of COVID-19 will be reviewed. The clinical notes of COVID-19 positive patients where absence or presence of smell/taste changes have been documented will be selected for review. Anonymised clinical data will be collected about symptoms on admission, the course of illness and outcomes. The study primary outcome will be to compare case fatility rate in COVID-19 postivite with documented history of loss/reduced sense of smell and/or taste compared to COVID-19 postive with documented history of no loss/reduced sense of smell and/or taste. The study will investigate whether loss/reduced sense of smell and/or taste can predict the course of illness and outcomes in COVID-19.

Study Type

OBSERVATIONAL

Enrollment

569

Conditions

COVID-19 Anosmia

Interventions

General Public cohortOTHER

No intervention is being tested

Eligibility

Sex: ALLMin age: 18 YearsHealthy volunteers:

Medical Language ↔ Plain English

General public FORECAST cohort: Participants will confirm their eligibility on the online form by confirming they meet the following inclusion and exclusion criteria: Inclusion Criteria: * Age over 18 years; * Able to read and write English; * Access to a computer or smartphone with internet access and ability to access video calling; * Willingness to undertake a COVID-19 screening test; * Willingness for their GP to be informed of their participation in the study. Exclusion Criteria: * Pre-existing smell or taste impairment of longer than 6 weeks duration; * People lacking capacity. Hospital FORECAST cohort: The patient records to be included in this part of the study will be selected by a healthcare professional based on the following inclusion and exclusion criteria Inclusion Criteria: * Admitted to hospital due to COVID-19 and documentation of either presense or absence of loss/reduced sense of smell and/or taste. Exclusion Criteria: * Changes in smell and/or taste either present or absent not documented. * Admission due to other reason with later diagnosis of COVID-19 as an inpatient. * Incomplete medical records. * Patients with longstanding pre-existing smell and/or taste impairment.

Locations (2)

University College London Hospital

London, United Kingdom

GP Practices

London, United Kingdom

Outcomes

Primary Outcomes

Percentage of people reporting changes in smell/taste

percentage of people who report loss/reduced sense of smell or taste

Time frame: 4 weeks

mortality rate

to compare the case mortality rate in COVID-19 patients who experienced smell/taste changes compared to mortality in those who did not experience smell/taste changes.

Time frame: through study completion, an average of 1 year

Secondary Outcomes

Percentage of people with change in smell/taste before other symptoms

To identify the percentage of people who report changes in taste and/or smell before developing either fever or persistent cough who are positive for SARS-CoV-2 IgM and IgG

Time frame: 4 weeks

proportion of other COVID-19 linked symptoms in people with smell and/or taste change

To examine the proportion of other COVID-19 linked symptoms in people with smell and/or taste change who are positive positive for SARS-CoV-2 IgM and IgG who never develop fever and/or cough.

Time frame: 4 weeks

Percentage of people with persistent changes in smell and/or taste

To determine the percentage of people whose smell and/or taste symptoms persist for greater than 4 weeks in people who are positive for SARS-CoV-2 IgM and IgG

Time frame: 12 weeks

Percentage of hospitalisation

To determine the percentage of patients who report loss/decrease in sense of smell and/or taste changes before or in the absence of other symptoms of COVID-19, who are admitted to hospital with COVID-19

Time frame: 12 weeks

Data from ClinicalTrials.gov

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