Prevalence of Periodontal Diseases in IBD

Overview

Periodontal diseases are highly prevalent inflammatory diseases. It is now well known that they are correlated with numerous systemic diseases as : diabetes, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, metabolic syndrome or rheumatoid arthritis. Recently, periodontal diseases have been correlated with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). IBD include two types, Crohn's disease and Ulcerative Colitis. It could be a significant risk factor for the pathogenesis of periodontal disease. These diseases present common features : a high prevalence worldwide, multifactorial pathogenies with common mechanisms. To date, no study has linked activity of IBD and periodontal diseases. The authors hypotheses that the prevalence of periodontal diseases could be increased in patient presenting an active IBD

The present study explores the prevalence of periodontal diseases regarding to the activity status of IBD (active versus non-active). Diseases activity will be assessed by HBI (Crohn's disease) or partial Mayo score (Ulcerative Colitis) associated with fecal calprotectin and/or CRP and/or inflammatory/ulcerative lesions. Periodontal diseases (periodontitis and gingivitis) will be diagnosed according to the international classification of periodontal diseases (Chicago 2017) and based on the decision-making algorithms by Tonetti and Sanz. A periodontal screening, socio-demographic data and clinical data will be collected. Then, oral mucosa dermatological manifestations relative to IBD, treatment need (ICDAS) and quality of life related to oral health (GOHAI) will be evaluated. These data will be collected by a periodontist. The principal hypothesis of this study is that the prevalence of periodontal diseases could be increased in patient presenting an active IBD. The primary objective is to evaluate if patients presenting active IBD present more stage III and IV periodontal diseases than non-active IBD ones. The second objectives are : * to compare periodontal diseases, gingivitis and oral mucosa dermatological manifestations rates according to the diseases activity, the IBD type and the treatment used to treat IBD, * to compare oral treatment need according to the activity and the type of IBD, * to compare quality of life related to oral health according to the activity and the type of IBD