Exercise in Adolescents With Type 1 Diabetes

Region Örebro County8 enrolled

Overview

Regular physical activity is an important part of diabetes management in adolescents with type 1 diabetes (T1D). Increased physical activity has several beneficial effects such as improved lipid profile, insulin sensitivity and quality of life. In addition, a reduced HbA1c is often seen in association to increased physical activity. However, the effect on glycemic control and the acute glycemic response seems to differs between different types of exercise. This issue is poorly studied in adolescents with T1D and the mechanism behind this is not fully understood. The primary aim of this study was to compare the acute effects on glycemia of resistance and two aerobic continuous and intermittent exercise bouts in adolescents with type 1 diabetes. Secondarily, the investigators want to compare the different exercise according to hormonal changes and expression of mRNA in muscle. At a baseline visit the participants was tested for maximal oxygen consumption (pVO2peak) and maximal strength (1-RM). The study participants then performed three exercise bouts and one control session (resting), each on 45 minutes, in a randomized order. Measurement was performed during and after the exercise.

Study Type

INTERVENTIONAL

Allocation

Purpose

BASIC_SCIENCE

Masking

NONE

Enrollment

Conditions

Type 1 Diabetes

Interventions

Outcomes

Primary Outcomes

Change in plasma glucose during exercise and recovery

Plasma glucose (mmol/l) measured by an hand-held glucometer

Time frame: Plasma glucose were measured at 5 minutes before and at start of the bouts. Thereafter glucose was measured at 5,10,15,30 and 45 minutes during exercise. In addition glucose were measured at 15, 30, 45 and 60 minutes during the initial recovery period.

Secondary Outcomes

Sensor glucose

Blinded continuous glucose measurement (mmol/l) were used to measure sensor glucose

Time frame: Blinded continuous glucose measurement was started when the exercise bouts were finished and were there after used during the next 22 hours (until the next morning at 08:00 am).

Changes in levels of hormones during exercise and recovery

Insulin, glucagon, catecholamines, insulin-like growth factor I, cortisol, growth hormone

Time frame: Serum samples were collected at baseline and after 15 ,30 ,45 of exercise and after 15 minutes of recovery for later analysis

Change in levels of messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) between baseline and exercise.

mRNA levels were analyzed with microarray from muscle biopsies and compared between exercise bouts and baseline.

Time frame: One biopsy (baseline) were collected approximately one week before the first exercise bout and thereafter one biopsy appr. 60 minutes after each exercise bout.

Comparisons of levels of messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) between different exercise bouts.

mRNA levels were analyzed with microarray from muscle biopsies and compared between the exercise bouts.

Time frame: One biopsy was collected appr. 60 minutes after each exercise bout.

Change in heart rate during exercise.

Heart rate (beats per minute) were monitored by pulse oximetry and compared between the exercise bouts.

Time frame: Heart rate was monitored continuously during exercise from 5 minutes before start of exercise until the bout was finished (time-point 45 minutes).

Change in hemoglobin saturation during exercise.

Hemoglobin saturation (SpO2 %) was monitored by pulse oximetry and compared between the exercise bouts.

Time frame: Hemoglobin saturation was measured continuously during exercise from 5 minutes before start of exercise until the bout was finished (time-point 45 minutes).

Change in cardiac output.

Cardiac output (L/min) was measured with Physioflow and compared between the exercise bouts.

Time frame: Cardiac output was measured continuously during exercise from 5 minutes before start of exercise until the bout was finished (time-point 45 minutes).