High dietary salt is associated with immune activation, elevated levels of inflammatory cytokines and hypertension in murine models. Hypertension is independently associated with inflammation in both murine studies and studies in humans. In people living with HIV, these interactions are not well established. The aim of this study is to determine the effect of excess dietary salt on immune cell activation, pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines and blood pressure between individuals with and without hypertension among people living with HIV and HIV negative persons.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
DIAGNOSTIC
Masking
NONE
Enrollment
85
Dietary salt used was sodium chloride tablets (from the research consolidated midland corporation division, New York, USA) which participants crashed and put in their food and/or ingested. Each tablet weighed one (1) gram and contained 394 mg of sodium and 606 mg of chloride.
Livingstone Central Hospital
Livingstone, Southern Province, Zambia
Pro-inflammatory cytokines
Elevated levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines when compared between low and high salt phase
Time frame: 2 weeks: At the end of the low- and high-salt phases
Blood pressure
Elevated blood pressure
Time frame: 2 weeks: At the end of the low- and high-salt phases
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