The study team proposes a two-arm pilot study randomizing participants with COPD who smoke combustible cigarettes (CC) to counseling + NRT (standard of care) or counseling + e-cigarettes.
Globally, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is projected to be the third largest cause of death by 2030 and in the US over 16 million people have COPD. Smokers are four and a half times more likely to develop COPD than non-smokers, with the likelihood of COPD increasing progressively with the duration and intensity of smoking. Among those with COPD, smoking cessation is the most effective means of slowing the decline of lung function and overall disease progression. Patients at all stages of COPD benefit from quitting smoking. Over 90% of COPD deaths occur in current smokers, however 47.1% of people with COPD continue to smoke. Electronic cigarettes (E-cigarettes) could help people reduce the harm of combustible cigarettes (CC) through reductions in number of Cigarettes per Day (CPD) or quitting CC completely by addressing both nicotine and behavioral dependence. Although there are associated health risks, all available evidence indicates that E-cigarettes are safer than CC. Unlike CC, e-cigarettes are not associated with coronary heart disease or myocardial infarction. The purpose of this mixed methods study is to identify barriers and facilitators, as well as to assess preliminary effectiveness of e-cigarettes as a harm reduction strategy among people with COPD.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
SUPPORTIVE_CARE
Masking
NONE
Enrollment
146
NJOY Daily E-cigarettes are self-contained and non-refillable. Each DAILY provides approximately 300 puffs, comparable to a full pack of cigarettes.
Participants in the NRT arm will receive 21 mg nicotine patch (for those with CPD \>= 20) or 14 mg nicotine patch (for those with CPD \< 20) + 4 mg nicotine gum. CPD stands for Cigarettes Per Day.
Counseling will cover health education, social support issues, and motivational enhancement to improve self-efficacy while addressing other aspects know to contribute to smoking among people with COPD (e.g., tips on dealing with depression)
NYU Langone Health
New York, New York, United States
Number of participants who achieve 50% reduction in Cigarettes Per Day (CPD)
Smoking reduction will be measured by a self-report.
Time frame: 12 weeks
Average change in score on the mMRC Dyspnea Scale
The mMRC Dyspnea Scale is a self-rating tool that quantifies disability attributable to breathlessness. The score ranges from 0 to 4. The higher the score, the higher the disability of breathlessness poses on day-to-day activities.
Time frame: Baseline, 12 weeks
Number of participants who reported satisfaction with use of e-cigarettes
Time frame: 12 weeks
Number of participants who reported additional use of tobacco products and/or marijuana
Time frame: 12 weeks
Change in score of COPD Assessment Test (CAT)
CAT consists of 8 statements, each scored between 0-5 for a total score range of 0-40. The higher the score, the worse the COPD symptoms.
Time frame: Baseline, 12 weeks
Change in score of Clinical COPD Questionnaire (CCQ)
CCQ consists of 10 questions, each scored between 0-6 for a total score range of 0-60. The higher the score, the worse the COPD symptoms and more limitations due to the COPD symptoms.
Time frame: Baseline, 12 weeks
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