The study aims to examine the effects of a sleep extension intervention on the metabolic and cardio-vascular profile of obese people who present traditional diabetes risk factors, and who are habitually sleep deprived. Participants randomized to the intervention arm will complete a 6-week sleep extension intervention, whilst the control group will maintain their habitual sleep schedule. It is hypothesized that the sleep extension intervention will significantly increase total sleep time, and will be accompanied by significant metabolic-related changes.
Recent epidemiological (survey) research, conducted in both in healthy populations and among those with existing chronic disease, shows that insufficient sleep can significantly contribute to ill health (including diabetes, heart disease and obesity). These findings have also been accompanied by credible explanatory mechanisms emphasising the role of sleep in regulating appetite, satiety, glucose and daytime stamina. Sleep extension, therefore, is a largely unexplored pathway for improving individual health, and reducing an existing risk of diabetes. If successful, increased sleep duration and quality could be adopted as an achievable public health intervention. The study aims to recruit a total of 20 men, overweight, presenting traditional risks of developing diabetes, who are habitually short sleepers. Participants are then randomized, stratified by weight status, to a sleep extension group, or a control sleep monitoring group. Baseline measures include sleep actigraphy, continuous glucose monitoring, blood pressure, and a mixed-meal tolerance test; after the 6-week intervention, the same measures are repeated.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
SINGLE
Enrollment
18
The sleep extension programme was designed around four alternative assumptions: 1) that among this group of habitual short sleepers, extending time in bed (TIB) would represent a significant behavioral change to established night-time and daytime routines; 2) that for practical purposes (accommodating personal, family and work schedules) extended time in bed is best anchored against typical rise-times; 3) that sleep onset may represent a particular challenge for those advancing habitual bed-times by over 1 hour each night; and 4) that in consenting to the trial, participants were motivated to make and sustain behavioral change.
Loughborough University
Loughborough, United Kingdom
Total sleep time (TST)
Time asleep obtained every night, as measured by actigraphy (minutes).
Time frame: 24 hours
Time in Bed (TIB)
Time between getting into and getting out of bed (minutes)
Time frame: 24 hours
Sleep onset latency (SOL)
Time to fall asleep (minutes)
Time frame: 24 hours
Wake after sleep onset (WASO)
Time awake after the first sleep period (minutes)
Time frame: 24 hours
Glucose concentration
Total area under the glucose concentration curve
Time frame: 3-hour mixed meal tolerance test blood plasma samples: prior to the test meal (0 minutes), and at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes
Insulin concentration
Total area under the insulin concentration curve
Time frame: 3-hour mixed meal tolerance test blood plasma samples: prior to the test meal (0 minutes), and at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes
Total PYY concentration
Total area under the PYY concentration curve
Time frame: 3-hour mixed meal tolerance test blood plasma samples: prior to the test meal (0 minutes), and at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes
Grelin concentration
Total area under the ghrelin concentration curve
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Time frame: 3-hour mixed meal tolerance test blood plasma samples: prior to the test meal (0 minutes), and at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes
Leptin concentration
Fasting leptin levels
Time frame: 8-hour fasting blood samples
Minutes per 24 hours of Moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA)
Physical activity recorded with actigraphs
Time frame: 24 hours
Standard Deviation of Blood Glucose Standard Deviation of Blood Glucose
Obtained from all CGMs 24-hour blood glucose concentrations across the monitoring period with
Time frame: 14 days
Mean Amplitude of Glycemic Excursions
Mean blood glucose values exceeding one standard deviation of the 24-hour arithmetic average across the monitoring period
Time frame: 24 hours
Systolic and diastolic blood pressure
Measurements of arterial blood pressure were taken, each after resting in a supine position for 10 minutes in a fasting state
Time frame: 10 minutes
Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index
Self-reported measure of sleep quality, score range 0-21,higher scores indicate worse sleep quality.
Time frame: One month
Multidimensional Assessment of Fatigue
Self-reported assessment of experienced fatigue, scores range from 1 to 50, higher scores indicate worse fatigue.
Time frame: One week