Prophylactic Antibiotics for Urinary Tract Infections After Robot-Assisted Radical Cystectomy

Overview

This trial investigates whether a one-month course of preventative (prophylactic) antibiotics helps to reduce urinary tract infections after robot-assisted surgery to remove all of the bladder as well as nearby tissues and organs (radical cystectomy). Urinary tract infections are a common occurrence after robot-assisted radical cystectomy. Antibiotics such as trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole or nitrofurantoin may prevent or control infections in patients with urinary tract infection and may help improve their response to radical cystectomy. Information gained from this study may help researchers to predict patient complications and identify better ways to manage these complications.

PRIMARY OBJECTIVE: I. To determine if the utilization of a prophylactic antibiotic during the postoperative period will decrease the rate of urinary tract infection (UTI) post robot-assisted radical cystectomy. SECONDARY OBJECTIVE: I. To identify pre- and post-operative factors that may be associated with the development of a 90-day UTI following radical cystectomy. OUTLINE: Patients are randomized to 1 of 2 groups. GROUP I (ANTIBIOTIC): Patients receive ertapenem Intravenously (IV), levofloxacin, or clindamycin IV at induction per standard of care. At the time of full diet, patients receive trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole PO daily or nitrofurantoin PO daily on days 1-30. Patients complete a drug diary for each day they receive the antibiotic. GROUP II (CONTROL): Patients receive ertapenem IV, levofloxacin IV or clindamycin IV at induction per standard of care. After surgery, patients are followed up to 120 days.

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