Brief Summary: This study aims to investigate whether protein fortification of beverages causes mouthdrying and mucoadhesion and whether this is influenced by saliva flow.
To investigate whether whey protein beverages causes mouthdrying and reduces acceptability compared with a control beverage (whey permeate beverage) and to determine whether manipulating salivary flow rates influences mouthdrying. To determine whether mucoadhesion is a probable cause of mouthdrying.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
OTHER
Masking
SINGLE
Enrollment
40
To study the perception of whey beverages using sensory methods (rating drying as well as discrimination tests "which is the stronger in drying") Measuring mucoadhesion via protein content remaining in saliva following swallowing of whey protein and whey permeate beverages.
Sensory Science Centre, Department of Food and Nutritional Science, University of Reading, Reading, Berkshire, United Kingdom
Reading, United Kingdom
Mucoadhesion and Mouthdrying
Following swallowing of different whey beverage samples (whey protein / whey permeate), volunteers will be asked either to rate samples for mouthdrying or to spit their saliva into a tube at specific timepoints (15s \& 60s) with appropriate rest periods. The rating and spitting times will be set within a balanced order protocol.
Time frame: Saliva collection and mouthdrying scoring throughout visits, 2 days
Mouthdrying from whey beverages
Perceived mouth drying from whey beverages (whey permeate / whey protein) using data from sensory methods (rating drying as well as discrimination tests "which is the stronger in drying"). Scale for scoring is the gLMS scale (general linear magnitude scale); higher value is worse outcome.
Time frame: 1 day (Sampled at study visit one)
Manipulating saliva flow and mouthdrying from whey beverages
Volunteers will be asked to manipulate their saliva flow and consume whey beverages (whey permeate / whey protein) and score perceived mouth drying (data will be collected from sensory methods (rating drying as well as discrimination tests "which is the stronger in drying")
Time frame: 1 day (Sampled at study visit one)
Saliva collection
Salivary flow rates from unstimulated and stimulated saliva samples.
Time frame: 1 day (Sampled at study visit two)
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