Total knee arthroplasty is a procedure that relieves pain in patients with severe symptomatic osteoarthritis, but it can be associated with postoperative pain, which hinders recovery. In the previous study, we reported evidence of increased pain in patients undergoing staged total knee arthroplasty, in whom the second operated knee had greater sensitivity (tertiary hyperalgesia) as a result of the surgical injury to the first operated knee. Magnesium sulfate is an effective analgesic adjuvant for postoperative pain. Its analgesic property seems to be associated with the regulation of calcium influx into the cells, or antagonism of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors in the central nervous system. Additionally, magnesium is known to have an anti-inflammatory effect. Inflammatory state may accompany with pain via peripheral or central sensitization. Recently, we reported that magnesium sulfate effectively attenuates not only postoperative pain but also increased pain intensity without serious adverse effects in the bilateral staged total knee arthroplasty. However, the exact mechanism regarding these effects of magnesium sulfate remains unclear. In the present study, we will investigate the analgesic mechanism of magnesium sulfate via analysis of endocrine neurosteroid levels in patients undergoing bilateral staged total knee arthroplasty.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
BASIC_SCIENCE
Masking
QUADRUPLE
Enrollment
30
Magnesium group receives magnesium sulfate (50 mg/kg) in 100 mL of isotonic saline over 15 minutes after spinal anesthesia, followed by a continuous magnesium sulfate infusion (15 mg/kg/hour) until the end of surgery.
Isotonic saline group receives the same volume of isotonic saline, administered according to the same methods as in the magnesium group.
Seoul National University Bundang Hospital
Seongnam-si, South Korea
RECRUITINGThe profiles of cortisol in the saliva
The cortisol concentrations in the saliva, at the evening before the operation (21:00\~22:00), just after wake-up in the morning of the operation day, and 30 and 60 minutes after wake-up
Time frame: From the evening (21:00) before the operation day to the morning (60 minutes after wake-up) of the operation day, for each stage of the operation
The profiles of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) in the saliva
The DHEA concentrations in the saliva, at the evening before the operation (21:00\~22:00), just after wake-up in the morning of the operation day, and 30 and 60 minutes after wake-up
Time frame: From the evening (21:00) before the operation day to the morning (60 minutes after wake-up) of the operation day, for each stage of the operation
Postoperative pain
Numerical rating scale pain score
Time frame: Postoperative 24 hour
Postoperative pain
Numerical rating scale pain score
Time frame: Postoperative 48 hour
Patient controlled analgesia (PCA)
Amounts of PCA consumption
Time frame: Postoperative 24 hour
Patient controlled analgesia (PCA)
Amounts of PCA consumption
Time frame: Postoperative 48 hour
Nausea
Incidence of nausea
Time frame: Postoperative 24 hour
Nausea
Incidence of nausea
Time frame: Postoperative 48 hour
Vomiting
Incidence of vomiting
Time frame: Postoperative 24 hour
Vomiting
Incidence of vomiting
Time frame: Postoperative 48 hour
Anti-emetics
Amounts of anti-emetics consumption
Time frame: Postoperative 24 hour
Anti-emetics
Amounts of anti-emetics consumption
Time frame: Postoperative 48 hour
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