Effects of Prebiotics on Cognition and Health

Inclusion Criteria: * Males and females * Between the ages of 25-45 years at the time of consent * BMI ≥18.5 kg/m2 * Normal or corrected-to-normal vision based on the minimal 20/20 standard in order to complete the cognitive task. * Ability to drop-off fecal sample within 15 minutes of defecation Exclusion Criteria: * Current pregnancy or lactation * Tobacco use * Dairy allergy or intolerance * Prior diagnosis of metabolic and gastrointestinal disease (cardiovascular disease and type 1 or type 2 diabetes, chronic constipation, diarrhea, Crohn's disease, celiac disease, ulcerative colitis, irritable bowel syndrome, diverticulosis, stomach or duodenal ulcers, hepatitis, HIV, cancer, etc.) * Prior diagnosis of cognitive or physical disability, including ADHD, severe asthma, epilepsy, chronic kidney disease * Use of any anti-psychotic, anti-depressant, antianxiety, or ADD/ADHD medications * Use of medications that alter normal bowel function and metabolism (e.g., recent antibiotic use, laxatives, enemas, anti-diarrheal agents, narcotics, antispasmodics, diuretics, anticonvulsants). * Prior malabsorptive bariatric surgery (i.e. gastric bypass, sleeve gastrectomy) or restrictive bariatric surgery (i.e. adjustable gastric band)